Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,954 questions · 2,335 findings · 149 reviews · All outcomes

No studies found 436 · 18.7%GRADE not reported 1,370 · 58.7%Very low 254 · 10.9%Low 173 · 7.4%Moderate 80 · 3.4%High 22 · 0.9%

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (quad-helix) vs observation

Molar expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (quad-helix) probably leads to higher molar expansion (inter-molar distance) compared with observation (no treatment) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Schwarz appliance vs No active treatment (control)

Amount of crowding (change in mandibular crowding) at 8 weeks · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth

It is very uncertain whether schwarz appliance changes amount of crowding (lower arch crowding, change) at 9 months compared with no active treatment (control) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) vs Fixed tooth-tissue-borne expansion (Haas)

Molar expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) showed no clear difference in molar expansion (inter-molar distance) compared with fixed tooth-tissue-borne expansion (Haas) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) vs observation

Crossbite correction · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) probably leads to higher crossbite correction compared with observation (no treatment) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (Hyrax) vs Bonded Hyrax (tooth/tissue-borne)

Molar expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Orthodontic treatment for posterior crossbites 2021 · Cochrane All outcomes
    3 months after completion of expansion
    Asanza 1997: banded 6 mm (min 4.3-max 7.2) vs bonded 5.9 mm (min 3.2-max 7.7); P=NS (no SD reported); no significant difference in tipping or symmetrical expansion
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

ARP with xenograft (bone graft) vs Extraction alone

Complications (e.g. discomfort, pain and swelling) · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring extraction of one or more…
1 finding from 1 review

Nickel-titanium archwire vs Multistranded stainless steel archwire

Amount of crowding (change in mandibular crowding) at 8 weeks · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth

It is very uncertain whether nickel-titanium archwire changes amount of crowding (change in mandibular crowding) at 8 weeks compared with multistranded stainless steel archwire (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed bonded acrylic splint expander vs no treatment

Canine expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…

Fixed bonded acrylic splint expander showed no clear difference in canine expansion (maxillary intercanine width) compared with no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Blood and saliva analysis (biomarker tests) vs Surgical or punch biopsy with histological assessment

Outcome not reported · Adults (aged 16 years or over) presenting to primary or secondary care with clinically evident suspicious or innocuous oral lesions

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

ARP with xenograft (bone graft) vs Extraction alone

Implant failure rate · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring extraction of one or more…

It is very uncertain whether ARP with xenograft (bone graft) changes implant failure rate compared with extraction alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (quad-helix) vs Removable tooth-borne expansion (expansion plate)

Molar expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…

Fixed tooth-borne expansion (quad-helix) leads to higher molar expansion (inter-molar distance) compared with removable tooth-borne expansion (expansion plate) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Self-ligating brackets vs Conventional brackets

Time to alignment · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth

Self-ligating brackets showed no clear difference in time to alignment (days) compared with conventional brackets; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Light-based detection and/or oral spectroscopy (e.g. ViziLite, VELscope, Microlux DL, Identafi 3000) vs Surgical or punch biopsy with histological assessment

Specificity · Adults (aged 16 years or over) presenting to primary or secondary care with clinically evident suspicious or innocuous oral lesions
1 finding from 1 review

ARP with allograft plus synthetic cell-binding peptide P-15 vs ARP with allograft without P-15

Implant failure rate · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring extraction of one or more…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Lower lingual arch vs No active treatment (control)

Size of the lower jaw (arch length) · Children or adolescents (aged 16 years old or under) receiving orthodontic treatment to prevent or correct crowded teeth

Lower lingual arch led to higher size of the lower jaw (mandibular arch length) at 1 year compared with no active treatment (control); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

ARP with allograft plus synthetic cell-binding peptide P-15 vs ARP with allograft without P-15

Changes in bucco-lingual/palatal width of alveolar ridge (mm) · Adults aged 18 years or older, in good general health (including well-controlled systemic disease), requiring extraction of one or more…

It is very uncertain whether ARP with allograft plus synthetic cell-binding peptide P-15 changes changes in bucco-lingual/palatal width of alveolar ridge (mm) compared with ARP with allograft without P-15 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review