Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,532 questions · 2,642 findings · 483 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 534 · 20.2%GRADE not reported 82 · 3.1%Very low 641 · 24.3%Low 807 · 30.5%Moderate 472 · 17.9%High 106 · 4%

Opioids vs other analgesics

Hypotension · procedural pain in neonates

It is very uncertain whether opioids changes hypotension compared with other analgesics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Hypotension requiring medical therapy (vasopressors or fluid boluses), occurring during the procedure No. of participants: 124(1 RCT) · Procedural pain in neonates

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes hypotension requiring medical therapy (vasopressors or fluid… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CR oxycodone vs IR oxycodone

Pain intensity (mean across treatment or at end of treatment; length of treatment varied across trials; various pain intensity scales; SMD) · adults with cancer‐related pain

It is very uncertain whether CR oxycodone changes pain intensity (mean across treatment or at end of treatment; length… compared with IR oxycodone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CR oxycodone vs CR morphine

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults with cancer‐related pain

CR oxycodone may leads to higher pain intensity (various pain intensity scales; SMD) compared with CR morphine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Routine vaginal examination vs routine rectal examination

Admission to neonatal intensive care unit · pregnant women in labour at term

It is very uncertain whether routine vaginal examination changes admission to neonatal intensive care unit№ of participants: 307(1 RCT) compared with routine rectal examination (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review