Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,808 questions · 8,953 findings · 827 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 1,891 · 21.1%GRADE not reported 380 · 4.2%Very low 2,100 · 23.5%Low 2,449 · 27.4%Moderate 1,684 · 18.8%High 449 · 5%

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Reminiscence therapy vs no treatment

Cognitive function · people with dementia

2 findings from 1 review

Reminiscence therapy for dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 230 participants
Moderate
Reminiscence therapy for dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 196 participants
Moderate

Reminiscence therapy vs no treatment

Care home: communication at end of treatment · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Reminiscence therapy for dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 184 participants
Very low

Reminiscence therapy vs no treatment

Community: quality of life (self‐reported) at end of treatment · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Reminiscence therapy for dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 867 participants
High

Reminiscence therapy vs no treatment

Community: communication and interaction at end of treatment · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Reminiscence therapy for dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 65 participants
Moderate

Reminiscence therapy vs no treatment

Communication and social interaction · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Reminiscence therapy for dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 249 participants
Low

Reminiscence therapy vs no treatment

Functional behaviour at end of treatment · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Reminiscence therapy for dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 1030 participants
Very low

Reminiscence therapy vs no treatment

Agitation and irritability · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Reminiscence therapy for dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 359 participants
Moderate

Reminiscence therapy vs no treatment

Depressed mood · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Reminiscence therapy for dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 973 participants
High

Reminiscence therapy vs no treatment

Stress related to caring (caregiver) · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Reminiscence therapy for dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 1155 participants
Moderate

Reminiscence therapy vs no treatment

Individual: quality of life (self‐reported) at end of treatment · people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Reminiscence therapy for dementia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 23 participants
Low

Pharmacotherapy plus counselling vs no pharmacotherapy or placebo plus counselling

Quit at longest · smoking cessation in hospitalised patients

Pharmacotherapy plus counselling leads to higher quit at longest compared with no pharmacotherapy or placebo plus counselling (high certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [1.05, 1.67]
8 studies · 3838 participants
High
Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.11 [0.86, 1.43]
4 studies · 872 participants
Low
Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.29 [0.96, 1.75]
4 studies · 829 participants
Moderate

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Resolution or improvement of telangiectasias ( · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 348 participants
Moderate

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Adverse events ‐ hyperpigmentation ( · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) probably leads to lower adverse events ‐ hyperpigmentation ( compared with sclerotherapy (any sclerosant) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.74 [0.59, 0.93]
2 studies · 288 participants
Moderate

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Adverse events ‐ matting ( · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) showed no clear difference in adverse events ‐ matting ( compared with sclerotherapy (any sclerosant) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.89 [0.58, 1.36]
2 studies · 288 participants
Moderate

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Pain ( · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 348 participants
Moderate

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Recurrence · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Time to resolution · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Sclerotherapy (hypertonic saline) vs sclerotherapy (any sclerosant)

Quality of life · people with telangiectasias and reticular veins

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Treatment for telangiectasias and reticular veins 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs usual care

Clinical remission or improvement · people with irritable bowel syndrome

It is very uncertain whether biofeedback plus standard therapy changes clinical response (adequate improvement or remission) compared with standard therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.2 [1.4, 12.58]
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Biofeedback plus standard therapy vs sham biofeedback plus standard therapy

Abdominal pain · people with irritable bowel syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low