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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,534 questions · 5,247 findings · 456 reviews

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No studies found 1,142 · 21.8%GRADE not reported 1,503 · 28.6%Very low 1,040 · 19.8%Low 869 · 16.6%Moderate 554 · 10.6%High 139 · 2.6%

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IMMEDIATE initiation of cART vs DEFERRED initiation of cART

Death · HIV‐positive, treatment‐naive children aged 24 to 59 months (2 to 5 years old)

It is very uncertain whether subgroup analysis: IMMEDIATE initiation of cART changes death compared with DEFERRED initiation of cART (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supplementary feeding vs no food supplementation or placebo

Weight‐for‐length/height z‐score at the end of the intervention Weight scale, measurement boards and child growth reference · Children aged less than five years with or without stunting/wasting in LMIC
1 finding from 1 review

Supplementary feeding vs no food supplementation or placebo

Weight‐for‐length/height z‐score at the end of the intervention Weight scale, measurement boards and child growth reference · Children aged less than five years in LMIC
2 findings from 1 review

Steam inhalation (mist) vs salbutamol

change in respiratory distress score at 30 minutes Scale from: 0 to 13. · patients with acute bronchiolitis in children up to three years of age
2 findings from 1 review

Steam (mist) vs nebulised 0.9% saline

change in respiratory distress score at 30 minutes Scale from: 0 to 13. · patients with acute bronchiolitis in children up to three years of age
2 findings from 1 review

Institutionalization (living in an orphanage/institution) vs Parented children living with their families

Mean DMFT (decayed, missing, filled permanent teeth) · Institutionalized orphan children (roughly 3 to 18 years)

Permanent-teeth caries experience (DMF) was marginally higher in institutionalized children but essentially similar to parented children (pooled MD 0.09, not significant; very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Institutionalization (living in an orphanage/institution) vs Parented children living with their families

Dental caries prevalence · Institutionalized orphan children (roughly 3 to 18 years)

Institutionalized orphan children may be at higher risk of dental caries than parented children (pooled RR 1.19), but the estimate is imprecise and not statistically significant (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Institutionalization (living in an orphanage/institution) vs Parented children living with their families

Caries in primary teeth: dmft (3 years) · Institutionalized orphan children (roughly 3 to 18 years)

Primary-teeth caries experience (dmf) was higher in institutionalized children than parented children but not significantly so (pooled MD 0.64; very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Reassurance / behavioral management (control of contributory factors)

Outcome not reported · Adults (>18 years) with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) diagnosed by RDC/TMD or compatible criteria

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Anorexia nervosa (as exposure; diagnosed by DSM-III/III-R/IV/V) vs Healthy controls

Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Patients with anorexia nervosa aged >=12 years (mean age ~18.4; entirely female in reported data), general community-dwelling population

Anorexia nervosa is associated with significantly increased bleeding on probing versus healthy controls (MD 16.57%, 95% CI 12.89 to 20.25; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review