Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

728 questions · 764 findings · 107 reviews

No studies found 194 · 25.4%GRADE not reported 47 · 6.2%Very low 212 · 27.7%Low 194 · 25.4%Moderate 99 · 13%High 18 · 2.4%

Intervention not reported

Leg pain ‒short‐term · lumbosacral radicular pain

The intervention showed no clear difference in leg pain ‒short‐term (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Disability ‒short‐term (> 2 weeks but ≤ 3 months) Disability reported using multiple scales (RMDQ and ODI). Disability scores were converted to a common 0 to 100 scale. Higher scores indicate greater disability. · lumbosacral radicular pain

The intervention showed no clear difference in disability ‒short‐term (> 2 weeks but ≤ 3 months) Disability… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs placebo

Incidence of pain with lidocaine pretreatment Pain scales · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide

Lidocaine may leads to lower pain ‐ lidocaine compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Remifentanil vs placebo

Pain ‐ remifentanil · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide

Remifentanil may leads to lower pain ‐ remifentanil compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of pharmacological intervention vs control

Breath holding · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide

It is very uncertain whether adverse effects of pharmacological intervention changes breath holding compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of pharmacological intervention vs control

Chest tightness · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide

It is very uncertain whether adverse effects of pharmacological intervention changes chest tightness compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of pharmacological intervention vs control

Cough · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide

Adverse effects of pharmacological intervention may leads to higher cough compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review