Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,125 questions · 1,173 findings · 91 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 192 · 16.4%GRADE not reported 47 · 4%Very low 199 · 17%Low 325 · 27.7%Moderate 271 · 23.1%High 139 · 11.8%

Summary of findings 2: PLD alone vs other conventional chemotherapy

Overall severe adverse events (grade > 3) · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings 2: PLD alone changes overall severe adverse events (grade > 3) compared with other conventional chemotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings 2: PLD alone vs other conventional chemotherapy

Hand‐foot syndrome (grade ≥ 3) · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings 2: PLD alone changes hand‐foot syndrome (grade ≥ 3) compared with other conventional chemotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immune checkpoint inhibitors vs any first‐line chemotherapy

Time to death from any cause Range of · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitors showed no clear difference in time to death from any cause Range of compared with any first‐line chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immune checkpoint inhibitors vs any second‐line chemotherapy

Time to progression · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer

It is very uncertain whether immune checkpoint inhibitors changes time to disease progression Range of compared with any second‐line chemotherapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immune checkpoint inhibitors vs any second‐line chemotherapy

Discontinuation of medication due to adverse events · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitors may leads to lower discontinuation due to adverse events Range of compared with any second‐line chemotherapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immune checkpoint inhibitors vs any first‐line chemotherapy

Adverse events grade 3 to 5 Range of · participants with advanced or metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitors probably leads to lower adverse events grade 3 to 5 Range of compared with any first‐line chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review