Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,320 questions · 4,561 findings · 388 reviews

No studies found 1,138 · 25%GRADE not reported 886 · 19.4%Very low 1,014 · 22.2%Low 849 · 18.6%Moderate 543 · 11.9%High 131 · 2.9%

Steam inhalation (mist) vs salbutamol

change in respiratory distress score at 30 minutes Scale from: 0 to 13. · patients with acute bronchiolitis in children up to three years of age
2 findings from 1 review

Steam (mist) vs nebulised 0.9% saline

change in respiratory distress score at 30 minutes Scale from: 0 to 13. · patients with acute bronchiolitis in children up to three years of age
2 findings from 1 review

Intermittent use of iron supplements vs placebo or no intervention

Iron deficiency (using ferritin concentrations) · children under 12 years of age

It is very uncertain whether intermittent use of iron supplements changes iron deficiency (using ferritin concentrations) compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intermittent use of iron supplements vs placebo or no intervention

Iron status (ferritin concentrations in ng/mL) · children under 12 years of age

Intermittent use of iron supplements may leads to higher iron status (ferritin (μg/L) compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intermittent vs any daily iron supplementation

Iron deficiency (using ferritin concentrations) · children under 12 years of age

It is very uncertain whether intermittent changes iron deficiency (using ferritin concentrations) compared with daily use of iron supplements (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Reassurance / behavioral management (control of contributory factors)

Outcome not reported · Adults (>18 years) with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) diagnosed by RDC/TMD or compatible criteria

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ate or licked fluoride toothpaste vs Did not eat or lick fluoride toothpaste

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years
1 finding from 1 review
  • Topical fluoride as a cause of dental fluorosis in children 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Fluorosis assessed when most permanent teeth of interest had erupted (6 to 18 years)
    Nine studies investigated whether children ate or licked toothpaste; measurement subjective so not meta-analyzed (Table 1). Findings mixed: some studies found no significant difference; others (e.g. Celeste 2016 OR up…
    9 studies
    GRADE not reported

Brushed less than once per day vs Brushed once or more per day

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

Brushed less than once per day may leads to lower fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with brushed once or more per day (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review