Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,066 questions · 1,120 findings · 99 reviews

No studies found 277 · 24.7%GRADE not reported 119 · 10.6%Very low 292 · 26.1%Low 274 · 24.5%Moderate 112 · 10%High 46 · 4.1%

Summary of findings table ‐ Energy, protein and micronutrients vs standard diet

Incidence of pressure ulcers · inpatients who are mildly or seriously malnourished or at risk of being malnourished, elderly patients at risk of developing pressure ulcers

Summary of findings table ‐ Energy, protein and micronutrients showed no clear difference in incidence of pressure ulcers compared with standard diet (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Protein vs standard diet

Gastrointestinal adverse events · patients (> 65 years) following hip fracture; patients with a recent stroke

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Protein changes side effects: at least one adverse gastrointestinal event compared with standard diet (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review