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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,589 questions in 168 reviews · Schizophrenia
current versionsNo studies 601 · 23.2%Ungraded 446 · 17.2%Very low 721 · 27.8%Low 505 · 19.5%Moderate 274 · 10.6%High 42 · 1.6%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
HALOPERIDOL vs OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTICS Economic outcomes · people with long‐term aggression in psychosis Haloperidol for long‐term aggression in psychosis (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs OLANZAPINE No significant clinical response: short term (up to 6 months) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 2.34 [1.37, 3.99] | 3 studies · 204 participants | Low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs RISPERIDONE Quality of life: short term (up to 6 months) QOL endpoint scale score (high = good) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 100 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs RISPERIDONE Leaving the study early due to adverse effects ‐ short term (up to 6 months) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.21 [0.01, 4.11] | 1 study · 41 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs QUETIAPINE No significant clinical response: short term (up to 6 months) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.81, 1.06] | 28 studies · 3241 participants | Moderate |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs QUETIAPINE Mental state: short term (up to 6 months) BPRS endpoint scale score (high = poor) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 548 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs QUETIAPINE Quality of life: short term (up to 6 months) GQOL1‐74 endpoint scale score (high = good) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 59 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs QUETIAPINE Adverse effects: any observed extrapyramidal symptoms ‐ short term (up to 6 months) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 8.03 [4.78, 13.51] | 8 studies · 644 participants | Low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs QUETIAPINE Leaving the study early due to any reason short term (up to 6 months) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.04 [0.77, 1.41] | 12 studies · 1223 participants | Moderate |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs OLANZAPINE Relapse: long term (over 12 months) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.5 [0.46, 4.86] | 1 study · 70 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs OLANZAPINE Mental state: short term (up to 6 months) BRPS average endpoint score (high = poor) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 245 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs OLANZAPINE Adverse effects: any observed extrapyramidal symptoms ‐ short term (up to 6 months) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 34.47 [4.79, 248.3] | 2 studies · 298 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs OLANZAPINE Quality of life: short term (up to 6 months) GQOLI‐physical health subscale score (high = good) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 61 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs OLANZAPINE Leaving the study early due to any reason: short term (up to 6 months) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.69 [0.45, 6.4] | 3 studies · 139 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs RISPERIDONE No significant clinical response ‐ short term (up to 6 months) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.84 [0.53, 1.34] | 7 studies · 475 participants | Low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs RISPERIDONE Mental state: short term (up to 6 months) BPRS endpoint scale score (high = poor) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 247 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs RISPERIDONE Adverse effects: any observed extrapyramidal symptoms ‐ short term (up to 6 months) · people with schizophrenia Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.7 [0.85, 3.4] | 3 studies · 235 participants | Very low |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs AMISULPRIDE Mental state: Average endpoint score BPRS total score ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) (high = poor) Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Scale from: 0 to 108. · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 57 participants | Very low |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs RISPERIDONE Clinically important change in life skills (long term) ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs RISPERIDONE Quality of life (long term) ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs RISPERIDONE Adverse effects: Extrapyramidal effects ‐ short/medium term (up to 12 weeks) ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs RISPERIDONE Leaving the study early ‐ inefficacy short term (up to 12 weeks) · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.08 [0.08, 15.46] | 1 study · 25 participants | Very low |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs RISPERIDONE Cost‐effectiveness (long term) ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs QUETIAPINE Clinically important response (defined by study) ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) decreased rate of BPRS score < 20% · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.62 [0.12, 3.07] | 1 study · 25 participants | Very low |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs QUETIAPINE Relapse (long term) · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs QUETIAPINE Clinically important change in life skills (long term) · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs QUETIAPINE Quality of life (long term) · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs QUETIAPINE Adverse effects: Extrapyramidal effects ‐ short/medium term (up to 12 weeks) · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs AMISULPRIDE Relapse (long term) ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs QUETIAPINE Leaving the study early ‐ inefficacy ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.46 [0.05, 4.46] | 1 study · 25 participants | Very low |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs QUETIAPINE Cost‐effectiveness (long term) · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs OLANZAPINE Clinically important response (defined by study) ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) decreased rate of PANSS score < 40%, decreased rate of BPRS score < 40% · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.33 [0.86, 2.07] | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs OLANZAPINE Relapse (long term) ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs OLANZAPINE Clinically important change in life skills (long term) ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs OLANZAPINE Quality of life (long term) ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs OLANZAPINE Adverse effects: Extrapyramidal effects ‐ akathisia ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 3 [0.9, 10.01] | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs OLANZAPINE Leaving the study early: inefficacy ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 3 [0.33, 27.23] | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs OLANZAPINE Cost‐effectiveness (long term) ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs AMISULPRIDE Clinically important change in life skills (long term) ‐ not measured · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs AMISULPRIDE Quality of life (long term) ‐ not measured · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs AMISULPRIDE Adverse effects: Extrapyramidal effects ‐ concomitant anticholinergic medication ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) Participants requiring concomitant anticholinergic medication · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 7.82 [1.07, 57.26] | 1 study · 36 participants | Very low |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs AMISULPRIDE Leaving the study early ‐ any reason ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.19 [0.63, 2.28] | 2 studies · 98 participants | Very low |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs AMISULPRIDE Cost‐effectiveness (long term) ‐ not measured · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs RISPERIDONE Clinically important response (defined by study) ‐ short term (up to 12 weeks) decreased rate of BPRS score < 20% · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.67 [0.13, 3.35] | 1 study · 26 participants | Very low |
FLUPHENAZINE (ORAL) vs RISPERIDONE Relapse (long term) ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia Fluphenazine (oral) versus atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Clinical improvement in pulse rate · adults with schizophrenia or related disorders treated for clozapine‐induced tachycardia Pharmacological interventions for clozapine‐induced sinus tachycardia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Improvement in heart rate · adults with schizophrenia or related disorders treated for clozapine‐induced tachycardia Pharmacological interventions for clozapine‐induced sinus tachycardia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Duration of hospitalisation · adults with schizophrenia or related disorders treated for clozapine‐induced tachycardia Pharmacological interventions for clozapine‐induced sinus tachycardia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Clinically important adverse events · adults with schizophrenia or related disorders treated for clozapine‐induced tachycardia Pharmacological interventions for clozapine‐induced sinus tachycardia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Patient satisfaction · adults with schizophrenia or related disorders treated for clozapine‐induced tachycardia Pharmacological interventions for clozapine‐induced sinus tachycardia (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |