Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

828 questions · 1,007 findings · 63 reviews · Oral Health

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No studies found 110 · 10.9%GRADE not reported 709 · 70.4%Very low 84 · 8.3%Low 70 · 7%Moderate 33 · 3.3%High 1 · 0.1%

Preoperative analgesics (analgesics given before dental treatment) vs Placebo or no analgesics

Intraoperative pain · Children and adolescents aged up to 17 years having dental treatment (orthodontic treatment, fillings, pulp treatment, or tooth…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative analgesics for additional pain relief in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the included studies measured intraoperative pain. PUB3: 'The [three/four] studies did not measure intraoperative pain, ... cost or completion of treatment.'
0 studies
No studies found

Preoperative analgesics (analgesics given before dental treatment) vs Placebo or no analgesics

Costs · Children and adolescents aged up to 17 years having dental treatment (orthodontic treatment, fillings, pulp treatment, or tooth…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative analgesics for additional pain relief in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the included studies reported cost. PUB3: 'The [three/four] studies did not measure ... cost or completion of treatment.'
0 studies
No studies found

Preoperative analgesics (analgesics given before dental treatment) vs Placebo or no analgesics

Completion of treatment · Children and adolescents aged up to 17 years having dental treatment (orthodontic treatment, fillings, pulp treatment, or tooth…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative analgesics for additional pain relief in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the included studies measured completion of treatment. PUB3: 'The [three/four] studies did not measure intraoperative pain, preoperative and postoperative anxiety measures, patient satisfaction, parental…
0 studies
No studies found

Preoperative analgesics (analgesics given before dental treatment) vs Placebo or no analgesics

Parental satisfaction · Children and adolescents aged up to 17 years having dental treatment (orthodontic treatment, fillings, pulp treatment, or tooth…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative analgesics for additional pain relief in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the included studies reported parental satisfaction. PUB3: 'there was no reporting of participant or parent satisfaction in any included study.'
0 studies
No studies found

Preoperative analgesics (analgesics given before dental treatment) vs Placebo or no analgesics

Patient satisfaction · Children and adolescents aged up to 17 years having dental treatment (orthodontic treatment, fillings, pulp treatment, or tooth…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative analgesics for additional pain relief in children and adolescents having dental treatment 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the included studies reported patient satisfaction. PUB3: 'there was no reporting of participant or parent satisfaction in any included study.'
0 studies
No studies found

Low socioeconomic position and adverse behavioural factors vs Higher socioeconomic position and fewer adverse behaviours

Systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein) and periodontal disease progression · General-population adults (German cohort)

In one 5-year longitudinal study, accumulation of low socioeconomic and behavioural factors was associated with greater periodontal disease progression and higher C-reactive protein; not pooled (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Social-Biological Interactions in Oral Disease: A 'Cells to Society' View. 2016 All outcomes
5-year follow-up · General adult population, Germany (Study of Health in Pomerania)
no estimate extracted
1 study · 3300 participants
GRADE not reported

Higher drinking-water fluoride exposure vs Lower water fluoride concentration (concurrent control)

Dental fluorosis of aesthetic concern (Dean's Index, TFI, TSIF) · Populations of all ages (mostly children) exposed to drinking water with differing fluoride concentrations

Higher water fluoride concentration (fluoridated water; natural or… may leads to higher dental fluorosis of aesthetic concern (Dean's Index, TFI, TSIF) compared with lower water fluoride concentration (concurrent control) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Water fluoridation for the prevention of dental caries 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
Cross-sectional
OR 2.90 [2.05, 4.10]
40 studies · 59630 participants
Low

Preformed crown (any material; conventional technique or Hall Technique) vs Filling (any material; with or without complete carious tissue excavation; with or without pulp treatment)

Costs · Children with decayed primary molar teeth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preformed crowns for decayed primary molar teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
The studies did not measure this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Preformed crown (any material; conventional technique or Hall Technique) vs Filling (any material; with or without complete carious tissue excavation; with or without pulp treatment)

Adverse events: gingival bleeding · Children with decayed primary molar teeth

Preformed crown (any material; conventional technique or Hall… showed no clear difference in adverse events: gingival bleeding compared with filling (any material; with or without complete carious tissue…; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Preformed crowns for decayed primary molar teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (up to 12 months)
RR 1.69 [0.61, 4.66]
2 studies · 226 participants
GRADE not reported
Preformed crowns for decayed primary molar teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long term (12 months)
RR 1.74 [0.99, 3.06]
2 studies · 195 participants
Low

Preformed crown (any material; conventional technique or Hall Technique) vs Filling (any material; with or without complete carious tissue excavation; with or without pulp treatment)

Satisfaction with treatment · Children with decayed primary molar teeth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preformed crowns for decayed primary molar teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
Satisfaction with treatment: listed in the Summary of findings table with no data; the studies did not measure this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Preformed crown (any material; conventional technique or Hall Technique) vs Filling (any material; with or without complete carious tissue excavation; with or without pulp treatment)

Pain · Children with decayed primary molar teeth

Preformed crown (any material; conventional technique or Hall… probably leads to lower pain compared with filling (any material; with or without complete carious tissue… (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Preformed crowns for decayed primary molar teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
Long term (12 months to 24 months)
RR 0.15 [0.04, 0.67]
2 studies · 312 participants
Moderate
Preformed crowns for decayed primary molar teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (less than 12 months)
Short term (less than 12 months): effect not estimable (Analysis 1.2.1; 64 teeth, 32 participants; one study, Hutcheson 2012).
1 study · 64 participants
GRADE not reported

Fluoridated milk vs Non-fluoridated milk

Adverse effects: dental fluorosis · general population

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoridated milk for preventing dental caries 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
No evidence found. (Correspondence with the author (Maslak 2004) confirmed that no adverse effects were reported.)
0 studies
No studies found

Glass ionomer sealant (with fluoride gel plus dentifrice) vs Fluoride gel plus fluoride toothpaste/dentifrice (non-invasive control)

Caries (lesion) progression (radiographic) · Dentate children and adults with non-cavitated proximal caries lesions extending into enamel or dentine (not pulp) in primary or permanent…

Glass ionomer sealant (with fluoride gel plus dentifrice) showed no clear difference in caries (lesion) progression (radiographic) compared with fluoride gel plus fluoride toothpaste/dentifrice (non-invasive…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Micro‐invasive interventions for managing proximal dental decay in primary and permanent teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 to 36 months (radiographic follow-up) · Glass ionomer sealant
OR 0.13 [0.01, 2.52]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Preformed crown (any material; conventional technique or Hall Technique) vs Filling (any material; with or without complete carious tissue excavation; with or without pulp treatment)

Time to restoration failure/retreatment · Children with decayed primary molar teeth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preformed crowns for decayed primary molar teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
The studies did not measure this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Micro-invasive treatment (proximal sealing or resin infiltration): resin sealant, glass ionomer sealant, polyurethane/adhesive patch, or resin infiltration vs Non-invasive / control treatment

Participant and operator perception · Dentate children and adults with non-cavitated proximal caries lesions extending into enamel or dentine (not pulp) in primary or permanent…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Micro‐invasive interventions for managing proximal dental decay in primary and permanent teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the studies reported on participant or operator perception
0 studies
No studies found

Adhesive/polyurethane sealant patch vs No treatment (both arms received flossing plus fluoride toothpaste)

Caries (lesion) progression (radiographic) · Dentate children and adults with non-cavitated proximal caries lesions extending into enamel or dentine (not pulp) in primary or permanent…

Adhesive/polyurethane sealant patch showed no clear difference in caries (lesion) progression (radiographic) compared with no treatment (both arms received flossing plus fluoride toothpaste); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Micro‐invasive interventions for managing proximal dental decay in primary and permanent teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 to 36 months (radiographic follow-up) · Sealant patch
OR 1.00 [0.14, 7.23]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Micro-invasive treatment (proximal sealing or resin infiltration): resin sealant, glass ionomer sealant, polyurethane/adhesive patch, or resin infiltration vs Non-invasive / control treatment

Costs (direct and indirect) · Dentate children and adults with non-cavitated proximal caries lesions extending into enamel or dentine (not pulp) in primary or permanent…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Micro‐invasive interventions for managing proximal dental decay in primary and permanent teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the studies reported on costs for micro-invasive treatment or non-invasive control
0 studies
No studies found

Preformed crown (any material; conventional technique or Hall Technique) vs Filling (any material; with or without complete carious tissue excavation; with or without pulp treatment)

Discomfort associated with the procedure · Children with decayed primary molar teeth

Preformed crown (any material; conventional technique or Hall… probably leads to lower discomfort associated with the procedure compared with filling (any material; with or without complete carious tissue… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Preformed crowns for decayed primary molar teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
At time of dental appointment or within 24 hours
RR 0.56 [0.36, 0.87]
2 studies · 381 participants
Moderate

Micro-invasive treatment (proximal sealing or resin infiltration): resin sealant, glass ionomer sealant, polyurethane/adhesive patch, or resin infiltration vs Non-invasive / control treatment

Caries (lesion) progression (radiographic) · Dentate children and adults with non-cavitated proximal caries lesions extending into enamel or dentine (not pulp) in primary or permanent…

Micro-invasive treatment (proximal sealing or resin infiltration):… probably leads to lower caries (lesion) progression measured by pairwise reading of… compared with non-invasive measures (e.g. fluoride varnish, flossing/oral hygiene… (moderate certainty).

4 findings from 1 review

Micro‐invasive interventions for managing proximal dental decay in primary and permanent teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
18 to 36 months (radiographic follow-up)
OR 0.31 [0.18, 0.53]
4 studies
Moderate
Micro‐invasive interventions for managing proximal dental decay in primary and permanent teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 to 36 months (radiographic follow-up)
OR 0.24 [0.14, 0.41]
7 studies · 365 participants
Moderate
Micro‐invasive interventions for managing proximal dental decay in primary and permanent teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 to 18 months (radiographic follow-up)
OR 0.18 [0.06, 0.50]
3 studies
Moderate

Show 1 more finding

Micro‐invasive interventions for managing proximal dental decay in primary and permanent teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 to 30 months (radiographic follow-up)
OR 0.27 [0.17, 0.44]
5 studies
Moderate

Fluoridated milk vs Non-fluoridated milk

Requirement for general anaesthesia due to dental procedures for caries · general population

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoridated milk for preventing dental caries 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
No evidence found. (No information was reported by the included study.)
0 studies
No studies found