Intervention not reported
Problem behavior Measured by: standardized parent‐report measures and checklists (lower scores indicate lower levels or less severe problem behavior) · patients with young children (less than six years old) with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
1 finding from 1 review
ADHD symptom severity: clinician rated · adults with ADHD (available evidence for participants aged between 25 to 53 years old)
1 finding from 1 review
ADHD symptoms: self‐reported Assessed by: various scales · adults with ADHD (available evidence for participants aged between 25 to 53 years old)
1 finding from 1 review
ADHD symptom severity: clinician rated · adults with ADHD (available evidence for participants aged between 25 to 53 years old)
1 finding from 1 review
ADHD symptoms: self‐reported Assessed by: various scales · adults with ADHD (available evidence for participants aged between 25 to 53 years old)
1 finding from 1 review
Spoken communication Measured by: frequency of speech, including non‐word vocalisations (expressed as rates per minute)a · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) changes spoken communication Measured by: frequency of speech, including… compared with treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Non‐verbal communication/AAC Measured by: frequency of use of PECS symbols (expressed as rates per minute)a · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) changes non‐verbal communication/AAC Measured by: frequency of use of PECS… compared with treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Combined spoken and non‐verbal communication/AAC · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) changes combined spoken and non‐verbal communication/AAC Measured by: verbal… compared with treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Social communication and pragmatic language skills · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) changes social communication or pragmatic language Measured by: reciprocal… compared with treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Other communication skills · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life for the individual or their family and parent satisfaction · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Non‐core aspects of behaviour and function · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Age of onset of independent walking (months) · children under six years with cerebral palsy or Down syndrome or at risk of neuromotor delay
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Age of onset of walking with assistance (days in study) · children under six years with cerebral palsy or Down syndrome or at risk of neuromotor delay
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Gross motor function (GMFM) (%) · children under six years with cerebral palsy or Down syndrome or at risk of neuromotor delay
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Gross motor function related to standing (GMFM) ‐ Dimension D (%) · children under six years with cerebral palsy or Down syndrome or at risk of neuromotor delay
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Gross motor function related to walking, running and jumping (GMFM) ‐ Dimension E (%) · children under six years with cerebral palsy or Down syndrome or at risk of neuromotor delay
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Velocity (m/s) · children under six years with cerebral palsy or Down syndrome or at risk of neuromotor delay
1 finding from 1 review
Pain (medium term): using VAS (range 0 to 10); higher values indicate worse pain · children and adolescents with recurrent abdominal pain
1 finding from 1 review