Caries experience at the surface level (dmfs/defs) · Children (mean age newborn to ~5.2 years) and their parents/carers
Behaviour change interventions delivered by non-dental health workers produced a small, statistically significant reduction in caries experience at the surface level (dmfs SMD -0.15, 95% CI -0.25 to -0.04; 12 studies); the review judged the overall evidence to be of low quality (not GRADE-rated).
1 finding from 1 review
Caries experience · Children (mean age newborn to ~5.2 years) and their parents/carers
Comprehensive interventions produced a statistically significant reduction in tooth-level caries (dmft SMD -0.47, 95% CI -0.84 to -0.10; 4 studies; not GRADE-rated), though heterogeneity was very high.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries experience · Children (mean age newborn to ~5.2 years) and their parents/carers
Behaviour change interventions delivered by non-dental health workers produced a small-to-moderate, statistically significant reduction in caries experience at the tooth level (dmft SMD -0.34, 95% CI -0.54 to -0.13; 6 studies); the review judged the overall evidence to be of low quality (not GRADE-rated).
1 finding from 1 review
Z score BMI · Healthy, term-born, normal-birth-weight infants aged 4-24 months (breastfed and/or formula-fed) in Western industrialized countries
In one RCT, responsive complementary feeding lowered BMIz at 13 months versus control (0.23 vs 0.42, p=0.01; low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Risk of overweight and obesity after 13 mo (RCT, BMIz): DANIELS 2012 - children in the intervention group had a lower BMIz at 13 months than controls (0.23 +/- 0.93 vs 0.42 +/- 0.85; p = 0.01); 698 (1 RCT); Low.
1 study · 698 participants
Low
Incidence of VAP · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
1 finding from 1 review
Povidone iodine versus usual care (Seguin 2006, 67 participants): a reduction in VAP was found; single study, not replicated, interpret with caution.
1 study · 67 participants
GRADE not reported
Incidence of VAP · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
Saline rinse plus swab led to lower incidence of VAP compared with saline-soaked swab alone (usual care); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of ICU stay · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
Saline rinse showed no clear difference in duration of ICU stay compared with usual care (no rinse); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of mechanical ventilation · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
Saline rinse showed no clear difference in duration of mechanical ventilation compared with usual care (no rinse); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
1 finding from 1 review
Povidone iodine versus usual care: single study (67 participants), no evidence of a difference in mortality.
1 study · 67 participants
GRADE not reported
Duration of mechanical ventilation · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
Saline rinse plus swab led to lower duration of mechanical ventilation compared with saline-soaked swab alone (usual care); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence of VAP · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
Saline rinse led to lower incidence of VAP compared with usual care (no rinse); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · Critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
Saline rinse showed no clear difference in mortality compared with usual care (no rinse); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Gingival index (GI) · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age
Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without… led to lower gingival index (GI) compared with no active intervention/usual care; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
SMD -1.75 [-2.27, -1.24]
12 studies
GRADE not reported
Adverse events · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
1 finding from 1 review
Only 1 study reported adverse events as an outcome (Litt 2010): it found worsening symptoms in 13 people treated with an oral splint (as part of standard treatment) and 4 people treated with CBT.
1 study · 101 participants
Very low
HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin), change · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age
Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without… probably leads to lower hbA1c (glycated haemoglobin), change compared with no active intervention/usual care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life indicators · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age
1 finding from 1 review
Plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age
Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without… led to lower plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene compared with no active intervention/usual care; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
SMD -2.05 [-2.57, -1.53]
18 studies
GRADE not reported
Quality of life · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Probing pocket depth (PPD/PD) · People with diabetes mellitus (type 1 or type 2, mostly type 2) and periodontitis, at least 16 years of age
Periodontal treatment (subgingival instrumentation, with or without… led to lower probing pocket depth (PPD/PD) compared with no active intervention/usual care; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
MD -0.56 [-0.72, -0.40]
21 studies
GRADE not reported
Reduction in pain intensity · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) may leads to lower pain intensity at follow-up (12 months) compared with usual care, waiting list or no treatment (control) (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review