Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

335 questions · 344 findings · 21 reviews · Gynaecological, Neuro-oncology and Orphan Cancer

No studies found 95 · 27.6%GRADE not reported 22 · 6.4%Very low 48 · 14%Low 100 · 29.1%Moderate 55 · 16%High 24 · 7%

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery

Overall survival · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

It is very uncertain whether surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes overall survival compared with stereotactic radiosurgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery

Adverse events · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

It is very uncertain whether surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes adverse events compared with stereotactic radiosurgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery

Adverse events (moderate) · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

It is very uncertain whether surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes adverse events (moderate) compared with stereotactic radiosurgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery

Adverse events (severe) · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

It is very uncertain whether surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes adverse events (severe) compared with stereotactic radiosurgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT

Overall survival · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT

Adverse events (moderate) · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

It is very uncertain whether surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) changes adverse events (moderate) compared with stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) vs stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT

Progression‐free survival · people with single or solitary brain metastasis

Surgery plus whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) showed no clear difference in progression‐free survival compared with stereotactic radiosurgery plus WBRT (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Intervention: radiotherapy Comparison: no adjuvant treatment Outcome: neurocognitive impairment at 5‐ to 6‐year · people with glioma surviving at least two years

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes intervention: radiotherapy Comparison: no adjuvant treatment… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Intervention: radiotherapy Comparison: no adjuvant treatment Outcome: neurocognitive impairment at 12 year · people with glioma surviving at least two years

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes intervention: radiotherapy Comparison: no adjuvant treatment… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Intervention: radiotherapy Comparison: no adjuvant treatment Outcome: neurocognitive impairment at 2 year · people with glioma surviving at least two years

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes intervention: radiotherapy Comparison: no adjuvant treatment… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Intervention: radiotherapy Comparison: chemotherapy Outcome: neurocognitive impairment at 3 year · people with glioma surviving at least two years

The intervention showed no clear difference in intervention: radiotherapy Comparison: chemotherapy Outcome:… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Intervention: high‐dose radiotherapy Comparison: low‐dose radiotherapy Outcome: neurocognitive impairment at 2 years after treatment · people with glioma surviving at least two years

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes intervention: high‐dose radiotherapy Comparison: low‐dose… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Intervention: high‐dose radiotherapy Comparison: low‐dose radiotherapy Outcome: neurocognitive impairment at 5 years after treatment · people with glioma surviving at least two years

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes intervention: high‐dose radiotherapy Comparison: low‐dose… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Intervention: chemoradiotherapy Comparison: radiotherapy Outcome: neurocognitive impairment at 3 years after treatment · people with glioma surviving at least two years

The intervention showed no clear difference in intervention: chemoradiotherapy Comparison: radiotherapy Outcome:… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review