Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

127 questions · 128 findings · 30 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

No studies found 31 · 24.2%GRADE not reported 11 · 8.6%Very low 17 · 13.3%Low 43 · 33.6%Moderate 19 · 14.8%High 7 · 5.5%

Magnesium sulphate vs placebo (outcomes

Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · women at risk of preterm birth (< 34 weeks' gestation)

Magnesium sulphate probably leads to lower severe intraventricular haemorrhage (grade 3 or 4) (newborn/infant)** compared with placebo (outcomes (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · the fetus/neonate/infant

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroid showed no clear difference in A9: Severe intraventricular haemorrhage (grade 3 or 4) – all fetuses… compared with single course (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dexamethasone: oral vs intramuscular – fetal/neonatal outcomes

Intraventricular haemorrhage · women at risk of preterm birth

It is very uncertain whether dexamethasone: oral changes intraventricular haemorrhage compared with intramuscular – fetal/neonatal outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Betamethasone acetate plus phosphate vs betamethasone phosphate – fetal/neonatal outcomes

Intraventricular haemorrhage · women at risk of preterm birth

It is very uncertain whether betamethasone acetate plus phosphate changes intraventricular haemorrhage compared with betamethasone phosphate – fetal/neonatal outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Betamethasone 12‐hourly vs 24‐hourly dosing – fetal/neonatal outcomes

Intraventricular haemorrhage · women at risk of preterm birth

It is very uncertain whether betamethasone 12‐hourly changes intraventricular haemorrhage compared with 24‐hourly dosing – fetal/neonatal outcomes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids vs placebo or no treatment

Intraventricular haemorrhage · infants born of women at risk of preterm birth

Neonatal and child outcomes: corticosteroids probably leads to lower intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH)№ of participants: 8475(12 RCTs) compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Heparin plus aspirin vs aspirin

Intrauterine growth restriction · women with persistent antiphospholipid antibodies and recurrent pregnancy loss

It is very uncertain whether heparin plus aspirin changes intrauterine growth restriction compared with aspirin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cervical cerclage in combination with antibiotics and tocolytics vs cervical cerclage

Serious neonatal morbidity

It is very uncertain whether cervical cerclage in combination with antibiotics and tocolytics changes serious neonatal morbidity (Reported in Miller 2014 as 'composite… compared with cervical cerclage alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact vs ECC

Severe intraventricular haemorrhage · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact showed no clear difference in severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH grades 3, 4) compared with ECC (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact vs ECC

Intraventricular haemorrhage · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact showed no clear difference in intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH, all grades) compared with ECC (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact vs ECC

Periventricular leukomalacia · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact showed no clear difference in periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) compared with ECC (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping vs UCM

Severe intraventricular haemorrhage · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping showed no clear difference in severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH grades 3, 4) compared with UCM (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping vs UCM

Intraventricular haemorrhage · babies born preterm, and their mothers

It is very uncertain whether DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping changes intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH, all grades) compared with UCM (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review