Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Sucking cessation (short term) · Children with a non-nutritive sucking habit (digit or pacifier)
Aversive tasting substance applied to digit showed no clear difference in sucking cessation (short term) compared with psychological intervention (habit reversal); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Correction of prominent lower front teeth / effectiveness of treatment (planned primary outcome) · Adults (16 years of age or older) with an Angle Class III malocclusion (prominent lower front teeth); people with syndromes, clefts or…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Costs · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed or removable appliances
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Discomfort/pain · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
It is very uncertain whether light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation changes patient perception of pain and discomfort (VAS 0 to 100 mm) compared with conventional orthodontic appliance treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Change in angulation of teeth adjacent to the space (molar and canine tipping/rotation) · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed or removable appliances
1 finding from 1 review
Rate of orthodontic tooth movement during space closure stage (maxillary arch), mm/month · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
It is very uncertain whether low level laser therapy (LLLT) changes rate of orthodontic tooth movement during space closure stage… compared with conventional orthodontic appliance treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Discomfort/pain · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed or removable appliances
Light vibrational forces (LVF) showed no clear difference in patient perception of pain and discomfort (VAS 0 to 100 mm),… compared with conventional orthodontic appliance treatment (placebo or no adjunct) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects or other adverse events · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
1 finding from 1 review
Periodontal health during molar intrusion · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
1 finding from 1 review
Abellan 2021 assessed periodontal health (plaque index, pocket depth, bleeding on probing) after intrusion of maxillary molars; no evidence of significant difference with LLLT. Statistical test results not published.
1 study
GRADE not reported
Total number of orthodontic appliance adjustment appointments during alignment stage · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
It is very uncertain whether low level laser therapy (LLLT) changes total number of orthodontic appliance adjustment appointments during… compared with conventional orthodontic appliance treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Discomfort/pain · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
It is very uncertain whether low level laser therapy (LLLT) changes patient perception of pain and discomfort (VAS 0 to 100 mm) compared with conventional orthodontic appliance treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of orthodontic treatment during alignment stage · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
It is very uncertain whether low level laser therapy (LLLT) changes duration of orthodontic treatment during alignment stage compared with conventional orthodontic appliance treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Harms (orthodontically-induced inflammatory root resorption) · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed or removable appliances
Light vibrational forces (LVF) showed no clear difference in harms and side effects: orthodontically-induced inflammatory root… compared with conventional orthodontic appliance treatment (placebo or no adjunct) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Patient-reported need for analgesics · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Total number of orthodontic appliance adjustment appointments during treatment · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Overall treatment time wearing orthodontic appliances · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) during alignment stage · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Harms: serious adverse effects · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed or removable appliances
1 finding from 1 review
Rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) during space closure stage (en masse, mm/month) · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed or removable appliances
Light vibrational forces (LVF) showed no clear difference in rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) during space closure stage… compared with conventional orthodontic appliance treatment (placebo or no adjunct) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review