Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

831 questions · 877 findings · 52 reviews · Effective Practice and Organisation of Care

No studies found 288 · 32.8%GRADE not reported 30 · 3.4%Very low 210 · 23.9%Low 214 · 24.4%Moderate 97 · 11.1%High 38 · 4.3%

Primary health professional‐led or collaborative care vs usual or enhanced care

Depressive symptoms · women with perinatal depression

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led collaborative care interventions changes depression symptoms ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post… compared with usual or enhanced care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐led or collaborative care vs usual or enhanced care

Quality of life ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) SF‐36 social functioning (higher score = higher quality of life) · women with perinatal depression

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led collaborative care interventions changes quality of life ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post… compared with usual or enhanced care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Clinical recovery ‐ harmful or hazardous alcohol use (1 to 6 months post intervention) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… showed no clear difference in clinical recovery ‐ harmful or hazardous alcohol use (1 to 6 months… compared with enhanced usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Cannabis use · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes prevalence of cannabis use (1 to 6 months post intervention) (RR < 1… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Clinical symptoms ‐ alcohol use (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ risk of hazardous or harmful alcohol use · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Clinical symptoms ‐ overall risk of harmful or hazardous alcohol and substance use (1 to 6 months post intervention) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use
1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Quality of life (1 to 6 months post intervention) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… showed no clear difference in quality of life (1 to 6 months post intervention) compared with enhanced usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Service utilisation (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of visits to primary care centres due to alcohol consumption (RR > 1 denotes greater risk) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes service utilisation (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Adverse events (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of alcohol‐related consequences ‐ accidents (RR > 1 denotes greater risk) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes adverse events (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Clinical symptoms ‐ alcohol use (1 to 6 months post intervention) · adult patients with substance dependence

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes clinical symptoms ‐ alcohol use (< 1 month post intervention) compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Clinical symptoms ‐ drug use (< 1 month post intervention) ‐ heroin · adult patients with substance dependence

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes clinical symptoms ‐ drug use (< 1 month post intervention) ‐ heroin compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review