Adverse events ‐ infection at 36 months · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome
It is very uncertain whether calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids changes adverse events ‐ infection at 36 months compared with placebo/no treatment/supportive treatment/steroids (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events ‐ malignancy at 36 months · primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome
It is very uncertain whether calcineurin inhibitors ± steroids changes adverse events ‐ malignancy at 36 months compared with placebo/no treatment/supportive treatment/steroids (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis
It is very uncertain whether azathioprine (AZA) changes death compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
ESKD · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis
It is very uncertain whether azathioprine (AZA) changes ESKD compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Renal relapse · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis
Azathioprine (AZA) probably leads to higher renal relapse compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Doubling serum creatinine · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis
Azathioprine (AZA) may leads to higher doubling of serum creatinine compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Major infection · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis
Azathioprine (AZA) showed no clear difference in major infection compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Leucopenia · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis
Azathioprine (AZA) may leads to higher leucopenia compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Alopecia · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis
Azathioprine (AZA) showed no clear difference in alopecia compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical relapse · SSNS in children
Levamisole may leads to lower relapse at 6 to 12 months compared with steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Frequent relapses · SSNS in children
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mean relapse rate/patient/month · SSNS in children
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: leucopenia · SSNS in children
Levamisole showed no clear difference in adverse effects: leucopenia compared with steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: ANCA positive/arthritis · SSNS in children
Levamisole showed no clear difference in adverse effects: ANCA positive/arthritis compared with steroids or placebo or both, or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death (any cause) · people IgA nephropathy
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Kidney failure · people IgA nephropathy
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Remission of proteinuria · people IgA nephropathy
Tonsillectomy plus standard care may leads to higher remission of proteinuria compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Remission of haematuria (microscopic) · people IgA nephropathy
Tonsillectomy plus standard care may leads to higher remission of haematuria (microscopic) compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Relapse of haematuria (macroscopic) · people IgA nephropathy
It is very uncertain whether tonsillectomy plus standard care changes relapse of haematuria (macroscopic) compared with standard care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Relapse of proteinuria · people IgA nephropathy
Tonsillectomy plus standard care may leads to lower relapse of proteinuria compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review