Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

57 questions · 64 findings · 6 reviews · Public Health

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 16 · 25%Low 25 · 39.1%Moderate 12 · 18.8%High 11 · 17.2%

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Anxiety · children aged 13‐18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 779 participants
High

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Insufficient weight gain in infants · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 110 participants
Very low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Physical injuries · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 652 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Adverse events · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 983 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Infections · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 709 participants
Low

Conditional cash transfers vs no intervention

Dietary diversity · children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 3937 participants
Moderate

Food vouchers vs no intervention

Dietary diversity · poor households

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2459 participants
Low

Food and nutrition subsidies vs no intervention

Dietary diversity · primary schools and households and members of healthcare plan

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 656 participants
Low

Social support vs no intervention

Dietary diversity · households at risk of food insecurity

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1615 participants
Very low

Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no intervention

Dietary diversity · children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 12631 participants
Low

Targeted mass media intervention vs targeted mass media intervention plus personalised content

Intake meeting target from dietary guidelines, 3 months from baseline · adult, ethnic minority groups: Latino immigrants, elderly Chinese immigrants, self‐described Americans of African heritage

It is very uncertain whether targeted mass media intervention changes intake meeting target from dietary guidelines, 3 months from baseline compared with targeted mass media intervention plus personalised content (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases in adult,… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 5.53 [1.96, 15.58]
1 study · 718 participants
Very low

Targeted mass media intervention vs targeted mass media intervention plus personalised content

Changes in dietary composition, 12 months from baseline · adult, ethnic minority groups: Latino immigrants, elderly Chinese immigrants, self‐described Americans of African heritage

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases in adult,… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 286 participants
Very low

Targeted mass media intervention vs no intervention

Changes in dietary composition, 12 months from baseline · adult, ethnic minority group: self‐described Americans of African heritage

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases in adult,… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 154 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Salt intake in grams per day ‐ all eligible studies that provided sufficient data for quantitative analysis of overall impact (n = 10 countries) · ‐level interventions in national government jurisdictions to reduce sodium consumption

1 finding from 1 review

Population‐level interventions in government jurisdictions for dietary sodium reduction 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
12 studies · 64798 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Salt intake in grams per day ‐ subset of initiatives that are multi‐component and incorporate activities of a structural nature (n = 7 countries) · ‐level interventions in national government jurisdictions to reduce sodium consumption

1 finding from 1 review

Population‐level interventions in government jurisdictions for dietary sodium reduction 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 34227 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Salt intake in grams per day ‐ women only (n = 9 countries) · ‐level interventions in national government jurisdictions to reduce sodium consumption

1 finding from 1 review

Population‐level interventions in government jurisdictions for dietary sodium reduction 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 27184 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Salt intake in grams per day ‐ men only (n = 9 countries) · ‐level interventions in national government jurisdictions to reduce sodium consumption

1 finding from 1 review

Population‐level interventions in government jurisdictions for dietary sodium reduction 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 22977 participants
Very low