Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

695 questions · 728 findings · 63 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 219 · 30.1%GRADE not reported 55 · 7.6%Very low 194 · 26.6%Low 136 · 18.7%Moderate 90 · 12.4%High 34 · 4.7%

Antibiotics vs placebo or no treatment

Infected episiotomy/laceration (wound breakdown) № of participants: 2593 (1 RCT) · Women undergoing operative vaginal delivery

Any antibiotics probably leads to lower infected episiotomy/laceration (wound breakdown) № of participants:… compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Impulsive lifestyle counselling + treatment‐as‐usual vs usual care

Adverse events:incarceration Assessed by: incarceration between a 3‐ and 9‐month · adults with antisocial personality disorder

It is very uncertain whether impulsive lifestyle counselling + treatment‐as‐usual changes adverse events:incarceration Assessed by: incarceration between a 3‐… compared with treatment‐as‐usual alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Direct vision entry vs Veress needle entry

Visceral injury (bladder or bowel) · patients undergoing laparoscopy

It is very uncertain whether direct vision entry changes visceral injury (bladder or bowel) compared with veress needle entry (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Direct vision entry vs open‐entry technique

Visceral injury (bladder or bowel) · patients undergoing laparoscopy

It is very uncertain whether direct vision entry changes visceral injury (bladder or bowel) compared with open‐entry technique (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Radially expanding (STEP) trocars for primary port entry vs standard (non‐expanding) trocars

Visceral injury (bladder or bowel) · patients undergoing laparoscopy

It is very uncertain whether radially expanding (STEP) trocars for primary port entry changes visceral injury (bladder or bowel) compared with standard (non‐expanding) trocars (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Open‐entry vs closed entry technique

Visceral injury (bladder or bowel) · patients undergoing laparoscopy

It is very uncertain whether open‐entry changes visceral injury (bladder or bowel) compared with closed‐entry technique (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Direct trocar entry vs Veress needle entry

Visceral injury (bladder or bowel) · patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery

It is very uncertain whether direct trocar entry changes visceral injury (bladder or bowel) compared with veress needle entry (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mental health treatment court with assertive case management model vs treatment

Re‐incarceration to jail · drug‐using offenders with co‐occurring mental health problems

Mental health treatment court with assertive case management model showed no clear difference in re‐incarceration to jail compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Cognitive behavioural therapy plus standard care vs treatment

Incarceration at 3 months · summary findings of female review

It is very uncertain whether cognitive behavioural therapy and standard therapy changes incarceration at 3 months compared with treatment (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Therapeutic community vs work release

Incarcerated for drug offences at 18 months · summary findings of female review

It is very uncertain whether therapeutic community changes incarcerated for drug offences at 18 months compared with work release (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mesh vs non‐mesh repair

Surgical complications ‐ neurovascular or visceral injury · adults undergoing inguinal and femoral hernia repair

Mesh leads to lower surgical complications ‐ neurovascular or visceral injury compared with non‐mesh repair (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review