Exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months · pregnant or lactating women who were overweight or obese
It is very uncertain whether multiple methods of breastfeeding support (including social,… changes exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months compared with usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Fever · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
1 finding from 1 review
“Food allergy” to 1 or more foods between 1 to 3 years of age · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
Non‐exclusive breastfeeding (foods) showed no clear difference in “Food allergy” to 1 or more foods between 1 to 3 years of age compared with exclusive breastfeeding (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Visible eczema at 12‐month visit stratified by visible eczema at enrolment · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
Non‐exclusive breastfeeding (foods) showed no clear difference in visible eczema at 12‐month visit stratified by visible eczema at… compared with exclusive breastfeeding (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Food protein enterocolitis syndrome positive response to challenge (number of children) · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
Non‐exclusive breastfeeding (foods) showed no clear difference in food protein enterocolitis syndrome positive response to challenge… compared with exclusive breastfeeding (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Weight gain · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
1 finding from 1 review
Change in weight z score · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
1 finding from 1 review
Early childhood caries (ECC) · Preschool children (<6 years)
Breastfeeding for <4 vs ≥4 months was not significantly associated with early childhood caries (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.80-1.13; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Early childhood caries (ECC) · Preschool children (<6 years)
In cohort studies, breastfeeding for <6 vs ≥6 months was not significantly associated with early childhood caries (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.88-1.06; ungraded).
2 findings from 1 review
Infant morbidity ‐ allergy symptoms ‐ Infants with allergy symptoms at 18 months of age · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
It is very uncertain whether non‐exclusive breastfeeding (artificial milk) changes infant morbidity ‐ allergy symptoms ‐ Infants with allergy symptoms… compared with exclusive breastfeeding (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Change in weight (kg) · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Weight change (loss) (g) at 72 hours · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
1 finding from 1 review
Weight loss (%) day 3 (percentage of birthweight) · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
1 finding from 1 review
Weight loss (%) day 5 (percentage of birthweight) · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
1 finding from 1 review
Hypoglycaemia episodes at 12 hours of life (glycaemia < 2.2 mmol/L) · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
It is very uncertain whether non‐exclusive breastfeeding (water or glucose water) changes hypoglycaemia episodes at 12 hours of life (glycaemia < 2.2 mmol/L) compared with exclusive breastfeeding (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypoglycaemia episodes at 24 hours of life (glycaemia < 2.2 mmol/L) · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
It is very uncertain whether non‐exclusive breastfeeding (water or glucose water) changes hypoglycaemia episodes at 24 hours of life (glycaemia < 2.2 mmol/L) compared with exclusive breastfeeding (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Weight change (loss) (g) at 48 hours · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries · Children with exclusively primary dentition (age ≤71 months)
In a meta-analysis of two cross-sectional studies, breastfed children had lower odds of dental caries than bottle-fed children (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.80); certainty was not formally graded.
2 findings from 1 review
OR 0.43 [0.23, 0.80]
2 studies · 620 participants
GRADE not reported
Breast and Bottle Feeding as Risk Factors for Dental Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2015 All outcomesKindergartens, hospitals and health centres; Kuwait, China, Syria, Sri Lanka, South Africa and Italy
Four studies showed that bottle fed children had more dental caries (p<0.05), while three studies found no such association (p>0.05); the review concluded that breastfeeding can protect against dental caries in early…
7 studies
GRADE not reported
Incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
Specialist breastfeeding education showed no clear difference in incidence of mastitis within 6 months postpartum compared with usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrence of mastitis within 12 months postpartum · postpartum breastfeeding women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found