Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,092 questions · 3,199 findings · 339 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 714 · 22.3%GRADE not reported 181 · 5.7%Very low 695 · 21.7%Low 908 · 28.4%Moderate 568 · 17.8%High 133 · 4.2%

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) vs sodium thiopental rectal (25 mg/kg)

Number of children with clinical adverse event: oxygen desaturation · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) showed no clear difference in number of children with clinical adverse event: desaturation compared with sodium thiopental rectal (25 mg/kg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) vs sodium thiopental rectal (25 mg/kg)

Number of children with clinical adverse event: diarrhoea · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) probably leads to lower number of children with clinical adverse event: diarrhoea compared with sodium thiopental rectal (25 mg/kg) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) vs dexmedetomidine intranasal (3 μg/kg)

Bradycardia · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) leads to lower number of children with clinical adverse event: bradycardia compared with dexmedetomidine intranasal (3 μg/kg) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) vs dexmedetomidine intranasal (3 μg/kg)

Number of children with clinical adverse event: unsteadiness within 24 h after discharge · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) showed no clear difference in number of children with clinical adverse event: unsteadiness within… compared with dexmedetomidine intranasal (3 μg/kg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) vs dexmedetomidine intranasal (3 μg/kg)

Number of children with clinical adverse event: crying during administration of sedation · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) probably leads to higher number of children with clinical adverse event: crying during… compared with dexmedetomidine intranasal (3 μg/kg) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) vs dexmedetomidine intranasal (3 μg/kg)

Vomiting · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

Chloral hydrate oral (50 mg/kg) showed no clear difference in number of children with clinical adverse event: vomiting compared with dexmedetomidine intranasal (3 μg/kg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chloral hydrate oral (75 mg/kg) vs pentobarbital intravenous (5 mg/kg)

Proportion of children who required a further dose of either the same sedative agent or the addition of a different sedative agent · children undergoing neurodiagnostic procedures

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Combined oral contraceptive pill vs placebo or no treatment

Self‐reported pain (dysmenorrhoea) at the end of treatment (continuous data): dysmenorrhoea at 6 months' · women with endometriosis
2 findings from 1 review

Combined oral contraceptive pill vs any other medical treatment

Self‐reported pain (dysmenorrhoea) at the end of treatment (continuous data): dysmenorrhoea at 6 months' · women with endometriosis
2 findings from 1 review

Combined oral contraceptive pill vs any other medical treatment

Self‐reported pain (dysmenorrhoea) (dichotomous data) ‐ reduction of pain to zero at 6 months' · women with endometriosis

It is very uncertain whether combined oral contraceptive pill changes self‐reported pain (dysmenorrhoea) (dichotomous data): reduction of… compared with other medical treatment (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Combined oral contraceptive pill vs no pretreatment

Live birth or ongoing pregnancy · women undergoing assisted reproduction

Combined oral contraceptive pill probably leads to lower live birth or ongoing pregnancy (COCP + Ant vs Ant) compared with no pretreatment (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Combined oral contraceptive pill vs no pretreatment

Pregnancy loss · women undergoing assisted reproduction

Combined oral contraceptive pill showed no clear difference in pregnancy loss (COCP + Ant vs Ant) compared with no pretreatment (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Combined oral contraceptive pill vs no pretreatment

Multiple pregnancy rate · women undergoing assisted reproduction

Combined oral contraceptive pill showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate (COCP + Ant vs Ant) compared with no pretreatment (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Combined oral contraceptive pill vs no pretreatment

OHSS · women undergoing assisted reproduction

Combined oral contraceptive pill showed no clear difference in OHSS rate (COCP + Ant vs Ant) compared with no pretreatment (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review