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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

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2,589 questions in 168 reviews · Schizophrenia

current versions

No studies 601 · 23.2%Ungraded 446 · 17.2%Very low 721 · 27.8%Low 505 · 19.5%Moderate 274 · 10.6%High 42 · 1.6%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL QUETIAPINE Adverse events: General ‐ serious Recorded at each · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.84 [0.62, 1.13]	1 study · 666 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL QUETIAPINE Adverse events: Movement disorder ‐ any extra pyramidal symptom · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.83 [1.07, 3.15]	1 study · 666 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL QUETIAPINE Adverse events: Specific: Mean (SD) weight increase in kg ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 666 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL QUETIAPINE Adverse events: Specific ‐ prolactin‐related Reported by participants at · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 3.07 [1.13, 8.36]	1 study · 666 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL ARIPIPRAZOLE Global state: Relapse (any reason) ‐ long term Assessed by 5 blinded raters in accordance with study criteria (see comment). · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.05 [0.83, 1.33]	1 study · 349 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL ARIPIPRAZOLE Mental state: Average change scores‐ long term PANSS total score (30 to 210), higher scores are worse. · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 349 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL ARIPIPRAZOLE Leaving the study early: Any reason ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.83 [0.53, 1.3]	2 studies · 723 participants	Very low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs PLACEBO Leaving the study early: Any reason ‐ all doses risperidone depot ‐ short term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.74 [0.63, 0.88]	1 study · 400 participants	Very low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL ARIPIPRAZOLE Adverse events: General ‐ serious Unclear how these events were reported · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.96 [0.66, 1.39]	2 studies · 729 participants	Very low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL ARIPIPRAZOLE Adverse events: Movement disorder ‐ any extra pyramidal symptoms · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.19 [0.91, 1.55]	2 studies · 729 participants	Very low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL ARIPIPRAZOLE Adverse events: Specific ‐ weight increase · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.57 [0.38, 6.45]	1 study · 374 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL ARIPIPRAZOLE Adverse events: Specific ‐ prolactin‐related · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 9.91 [2.78, 35.29]	2 studies · 729 participants	Very low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL OLANZAPINE Global state: Relapse ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL OLANZAPINE Mental state: Average change scores ‐ long term PANSS total score (30‐210), high scores are worse. · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 361 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL OLANZAPINE Leaving the study early: Any reason ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.32 [1.1, 1.58]	1 study · 618 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL OLANZAPINE Adverse events: General ‐ serious · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.1 [0.8, 1.51]	1 study · 547 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL OLANZAPINE Adverse events: Movement disorder ‐ any extra pyramidal symptoms · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.67 [1.19, 2.36]	1 study · 547 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ORAL OLANZAPINE Adverse events: Specific ‐ weight increase · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.56 [0.42, 0.75]	1 study · 547 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs PLACEBO Adverse events: General: Severe adverse event ‐ any dose risperidone depot ‐ short term Spontaneous reporting by study participants · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.59 [0.38, 0.93]	1 study · 400 participants	Very low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ATYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS (PALIPERIDONE PALMITATE) Global state: Relapse ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ATYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS (PALIPERIDONE PALMITATE) Mental state: PANSS responders (ITT data) ‐ medium term PANSS responders‐ participants achieving a >30% improvement in total score · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.01 [0.83, 1.23]	2 studies · 1326 participants	Moderate
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ATYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS (PALIPERIDONE PALMITATE) Leaving the study early: lack of efficacy ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.6 [0.45, 0.81]	1 study · 749 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ATYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS (PALIPERIDONE PALMITATE) Adverse events: Movement disorder requiring the use of anti‐EPS medication ‐ medium term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.46 [1.18, 1.8]	2 studies · 1666 participants	Moderate
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ATYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS (PALIPERIDONE PALMITATE) Adverse events: Body weight (mean increase) ‐ medium/long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 2350 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ATYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS (PALIPERIDONE PALMITATE) Adverse events: Any prolactin‐related ‐ medium term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.02 [0.61, 1.71]	2 studies · 1666 participants	Moderate
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs ATYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS (PALIPERIDONE PALMITATE) Adverse events: Any glucose‐related ‐ medium/long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.79 [0.89, 3.61]	3 studies · 2413 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs TYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS Global state: Relapse ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs TYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS Mental state: Total average scores (PANSS, high score = worse) ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 43 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs TYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS Leaving the study early for any reason ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 3.05 [1.12, 8.31]	1 study · 62 participants	Low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs PLACEBO Adverse events: Specific: Weight gain ‐ all doses of depot risperidone ‐ short term Spontaneous reporting by study participants · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 2.11 [0.48, 9.18]	1 study · 400 participants	Very low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs TYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS Adverse events: General: Severe adverse event · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs TYPICAL DEPOT ANTIPSYCHOTICS Adverse events: related to movement disorder, weight gain, prolactin levels and glucose metabolism ‐ medium/long term ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs GENERAL ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS Global state: Relapse (any reason) ‐ long term Number of participants relapsing in each treatment arm. · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 2.13 [0.84, 5.43]	1 study · 63 participants	Very low
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs GENERAL ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS Mental state: clinically significant improvement in mental state ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs GENERAL ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS Leaving the study early: Any reason ‐ long term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	RR 1.24 [0.98, 1.57]	2 studies · 467 participants	Moderate
RISPERIDONE DEPOT vs GENERAL ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS Adverse events: General: Severe adverse event ‐ any dose risperidone depot ‐ short term · patients with schizophrenia Risperidone (depot) for schizophrenia (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ HALOPERIDOL Tranquil or asleep: Not tranquil or asleep ‐ by 30 minutes · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.65 [0.49, 0.87]	1 study · 316 participants	High
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ OLANZAPINE Adverse effects: Specific and serious adverse effects by 24 hours Central nervous system ‐ excessive sedation. · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.67 [0.12, 3.84]	2 studies · 116 participants	Low
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ OLANZAPINE Adverse effect: Specific ‐ Death · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ OLANZAPINE Service outcomes: Not discharged ‐ by 4 hours · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.94 [0.77, 1.16]	1 study · 300 participants	High
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ OLANZAPINE Specific behaviours: Average aggression score ‐ by 12 hours Overt Aggression Scale · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 60 participants	Low
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ OLANZAPINE Economics: Costs of care7 · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ ZIPRASIDONE Tranquil or asleep: Average sedation score ‐ by 30 minutes Ramsay Sedation Scale · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 60 participants	Low
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ ZIPRASIDONE Global state: Needing restraints or seclusion ‐ by 12 hours · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.5 [0.19, 1.29]	1 study · 60 participants	Moderate
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ ZIPRASIDONE Adverse effects: Specific and serious adverse effect ‐ by 24 hours Central nervous system ‐ excessive sedation. · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.3 [0.06, 1.43]	2 studies · 111 participants	Low
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ ZIPRASIDONE Adverse effect: Specific ‐ Death · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ ZIPRASIDONE Service outcomes: Not discharged ‐ by 2 weeks · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ HALOPERIDOL Global state: Needing restraints or seclusion by 12 hours · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	RR 0.83 [0.28, 2.44]	1 study · 60 participants	Low
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ ZIPRASIDONE Specific behaviours: Average aggression score ‐ by 12 hours Overt Aggression Scale · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 60 participants	Moderate
HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ ZIPRASIDONE Economics: Costs of care · people with psychosis‐induced aggression Haloperidol plus promethazine for psychosis‐induced aggression (2016) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded