Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

949 questions · 1,008 findings · 130 reviews · Gynaecology and Fertility

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No studies found 195 · 19.3%GRADE not reported 30 · 3%Very low 346 · 34.3%Low 323 · 32%Moderate 101 · 10%High 13 · 1.3%

Antioestrogen vs antioestrogen

Multiple pregnancy · ovulation induction in polycystic ovarian syndrome

It is very uncertain whether antioestrogen changes clomiphene citrate versus tamoxifen ‐ Multiple pregnancy compared with antioestrogen (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Clomiphene and other antioestrogens for ovulation induction in polycystic ovarian syndrome 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.34 [0.34, 16.04]
3 studies · 567 participants
Very low

RhCG vs uhCG

Ongoing pregnancy / live birth rate per woman · patients with final oocyte maturation triggering in IVF and ICSI cycles

RhCG showed no clear difference in ongoing pregnancy/live birth rate per woman compared with uhCG (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Recombinant versus urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin for final oocyte maturation triggering in IVF and ICSI cycles 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.15 [0.89, 1.49]
7 studies · 1136 participants
Moderate

RhCG vs uhCG

Clinical pregnancy rate · patients with final oocyte maturation triggering in IVF and ICSI cycles

RhCG showed no clear difference in clinical pregnancy rate per woman compared with uhCG (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Recombinant versus urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin for final oocyte maturation triggering in IVF and ICSI cycles 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.06 [0.87, 1.29]
13 studies · 1806 participants
Moderate

RhLH vs uhCG

Ongoing pregnancy / live birth rate per woman · patients with final oocyte maturation triggering in IVF and ICSI cycles

It is very uncertain whether rhLH changes ongoing pregnancy/live birth rate per woman compared with uhCG (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Recombinant versus urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin for final oocyte maturation triggering in IVF and ICSI cycles 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.95 [0.51, 1.78]
2 studies · 289 participants
Very low

RhLH vs uhCG

Clinical pregnancy rate · patients with final oocyte maturation triggering in IVF and ICSI cycles

It is very uncertain whether rhLH changes clinical pregnancy rate per woman compared with uhCG (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Recombinant versus urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin for final oocyte maturation triggering in IVF and ICSI cycles 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.94 [0.54, 1.64]
2 studies · 289 participants
Very low

Day 3 vs Day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI

Ongoing pregnancy · Women undergoing in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection

It is very uncertain whether day 3 changes ongoing pregnancy rate per woman compared with day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.85, 1.12]
6 studies · 1740 participants
Very low

Day 3 vs Day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI

Clinical pregnancy rate · Women undergoing in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection

It is very uncertain whether day 3 changes clinical pregnancy rate per woman compared with day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.98, 1.19]
12 studies · 2461 participants
Very low

Day 3 vs Day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI

Multiple pregnancy rate · Women undergoing in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Day 3 showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per woman compared with day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.12 [0.86, 1.44]
8 studies · 1837 participants
Moderate

Day 3 vs Day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI

Complications during pregnancy per woman per couple ‐ ectopic pregnancy4 · Women undergoing in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Day 3 showed no clear difference in ectopic pregnancy rate per woman compared with day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.99 [0.29, 3.4]
6 studies · 1531 participants
Low

Low‐dose aspirin vs placebo or no treatment

Clinical pregnancy · women with subfertility

Low‐dose aspirin showed no clear difference in clinical pregnancy compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.03 [0.91, 1.17]
10 studies · 2142 participants
Moderate

Low‐dose aspirin vs placebo or no treatment

Multiple pregnancy · women with subfertility

Low‐dose aspirin showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy (on ultrasound) compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.67 [0.37, 1.25]
2 studies · 656 participants
Low

Low‐dose aspirin vs placebo or no treatment

Ectopic pregnancy · women with subfertility

It is very uncertain whether low‐dose aspirin changes ectopic pregnancy compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.86 [0.75, 4.63]
3 studies · 1135 participants
Very low

Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch

Ongoing pregnancy / live birth rate per woman · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle

Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer may leads to higher live birth and ongoing pregnancy (per woman randomised) compared with clinical touch (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.47 [1.3, 1.65]
13 studies · 5859 participants
Low

Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch

Ongoing pregnancy · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle

Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer probably leads to higher ongoing pregnancy compared with clinical touch (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.4 [1.19, 1.66]
9 studies · 2742 participants
Moderate

Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch

Clinical pregnancies Number of clinical pregnancies per woman randomised · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle

Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer probably leads to higher clinical pregnancy (per woman randomised) compared with clinical touch (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.31 [1.17, 1.45]
20 studies · 6711 participants
Moderate

Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch

Multiple pregnancy rate · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle

Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy (per woman randomised) compared with clinical touch (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.13 [0.87, 1.45]
8 studies · 3379 participants
Moderate

Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch

Ectopic pregnancy · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle

Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer showed no clear difference in ectopic pregnancy (per woman randomised) compared with clinical touch (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.64 [0.28, 1.49]
8 studies · 3761 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects: Acupressure versus placebo , no treatment or active controls · women with primary dysmenorrhoea

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Pain: Acupressure versus sham or placebo control · women with primary dysmenorrhoea

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 538 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Pain: Acupressure versus NSAIDs · women with primary dysmenorrhoea

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes pain: Acupressure versus NSAIDs (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.39
1 study · 136 participants
Very low