Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,368 questions · 1,413 findings · 89 reviews · Common Mental Disorders

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No studies found 232 · 16.4%GRADE not reported 82 · 5.8%Very low 395 · 28%Low 331 · 23.4%Moderate 341 · 24.1%High 32 · 2.3%

Antipsychotics vs placebo

Acceptability ‐ dropouts due to adverse effects · adults with psychotic depression

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological treatment for psychotic depression 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Antipsychotics vs placebo

Leaving the study early · adults with psychotic depression

It is very uncertain whether antipsychotic changes overall dropouts compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological treatment for psychotic depression 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.79 [0.57, 1.08]
2 studies · 201 participants
Very low

n3PUFAs vs placebo

Adverse events Study reports · adults with Major Depressive Disorder

It is very uncertain whether n3PUFAs changes adverse eventsStudy reports compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 fatty acids for depression in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.27 [0.99, 1.64]
24 studies · 1503 participants
Very low

n3PUFAs vs placebo

Quality of lifeValidated quality of life scales as used by authors, CGI (7‐point scale) where possible, higher scores indicate poorer quality of life · adults with Major Depressive Disorder

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 fatty acids for depression in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
12 studies · 476 participants
Very low

n3PUFAs vs placebo

Trial non‐completionStudy reports · adults with Major Depressive Disorder

It is very uncertain whether n3PUFAs changes trial non‐completionStudy reports compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 fatty acids for depression in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.92 [0.7, 1.22]
29 studies · 1777 participants
Very low

Ketamine vs placebo

Efficacy: number of participants who respond to treatment ‐ at 24 hours · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

Ketamine may leads to higher efficacy: number of participants who respond to treatment ‐ at 24… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 11.61 [1.25, 107.74]
2 studies · 33 participants
Low

Ketamine vs midazolam

Acceptability ‐ total dropouts · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 16 participants
Very low

Memantine vs placebo

Efficacy: number of participants who respond to treatment ‐ at 3 months · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

It is very uncertain whether memantine changes efficacy: number of participants who respond to treatment ‐ at 1 week compared with placebo (very low certainty).

4 findings from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.08 [0.06, 19.05]
1 study · 29 participants
Very low
Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 4.88 [0.78, 30.29]
1 study · 29 participants
Very low
Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 5.33 [1.02, 27.76]
1 study · 29 participants
Very low

Show 1 more finding

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.66 [0.69, 4.03]
2 studies · 261 participants
Low

Memantine vs placebo

Remission · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

It is very uncertain whether memantine changes efficacy: number of participants who achieve remission ‐ at 1 week compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.08 [0.06, 19.05]
1 study · 29 participants
Very low

Memantine vs placebo

Acceptability ‐ total dropouts · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

Memantine showed no clear difference in acceptability: total dropouts compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.77 [0.45, 1.31]
2 studies · 261 participants
Low

Memantine vs placebo

Acceptability ‐ dropouts due to adverse effects · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

Memantine showed no clear difference in acceptability: dropouts due to adverse effects compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.34 [0.01, 8.34]
1 study · 232 participants
Low

Cytidine vs placebo

Efficacy: number of participants who respond to treatment ‐ at 3 months · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

It is very uncertain whether cytidine changes efficacy: number of participants who respond to treatment ‐ at 3… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.13 [0.3, 4.24]
1 study · 35 participants
Very low

Ketamine vs placebo

Remission · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

It is very uncertain whether ketamine changes efficacy: number of participants who achieve remission ‐ at 1 week compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 3.35 [0.12, 93.83]
1 study · 18 participants
Very low

Cytidine vs placebo

Remission · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Cytidine vs placebo

Acceptability ‐ total dropouts · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

It is very uncertain whether cytidine changes acceptability: total dropouts compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.94 [0.12, 7.52]
1 study · 35 participants
Very low

Cytidine vs placebo

Acceptability ‐ dropouts due to adverse effects · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

N‐acetylcysteine vs placebo

Efficacy: number of participants who respond to treatment ‐ at 3 months · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

N‐acetylcysteine showed no clear difference in efficacy: number of participants who respond to treatment ‐ at 3… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.82 [0.32, 2.14]
2 studies · 69 participants
Low

N‐acetylcysteine vs placebo

Remission · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

N‐acetylcysteine vs placebo

Dropout · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

N‐acetylcysteine vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults (aged 18 years+) with depression in bipolar disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators for depression in adults with bipolar disorder 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found