Risk of access loss · people receiving haemodialysis to treat kidney failure and using a functioning AV access for haemodialysis.
Scheduled surveillance showed no clear difference in risk of access loss compared with clinical monitoring alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · people receiving haemodialysis to treat kidney failure and using a functioning AV access for haemodialysis.
Scheduled surveillance showed no clear difference in mortality compared with clinical monitoring alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrent pyelonephritis · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes recurrent pyelonephritis compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrent UTI (cystitis) · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes recurrent UTI (cystitis) compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Preterm birth · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes preterm birth (< 37 weeks) compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Birthweight < 2500 (g) · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes birthweight < 2500 (g) compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Birthweight (g) · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
1 finding from 1 review
Apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes five‐minute Apgar score < seven compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Miscarriage · pregnant women with a history of one or more UTI before or during pregnancy
It is very uncertain whether nitrofurantoin and close surveillance changes miscarriages compared with close surveillance alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Improvement in visual impairment at 6 months · people residing in communities endemic for onchocerciasis
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes improvement in visual impairment at 6 months (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Parasitological outcomes · people residing in communities endemic for onchocerciasis
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Intervention not reported
Clinical outcomes: improvement in optic atrophy, chorioretinitis, or sclerosing keratitis at 6 months · people residing in communities endemic for onchocerciasis
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Intervention not reported
Clinical outcomes: improvement in iridocyclitis at 6 months · people residing in communities endemic for onchocerciasis
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes clinical outcomes: improvement in iridocyclitis at 6 months (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Clinical outcomes: improvement in punctate keratitis at 6 months · people residing in communities endemic for onchocerciasis
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes clinical outcomes: improvement in punctate keratitis at 6 months (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Adverse events · people residing in communities endemic for onchocerciasis
The intervention probably leads to lower adverse events (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
2010 participants
Moderate