Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,782 questions · 1,852 findings · 128 reviews · Effective Practice and Organisation of Care

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No studies found 557 · 30.1%GRADE not reported 53 · 2.9%Very low 446 · 24.1%Low 476 · 25.7%Moderate 255 · 13.8%High 65 · 3.5%

Intervention not reported

Quality of health care provided · adultswith private health insurance cover

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Government regulation of private health insurance 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Cost of health care provided · adultswith private health insurance cover

1 finding from 1 review

Government regulation of private health insurance 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
91583 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Patient outcomes · adultswith private health insurance cover

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Government regulation of private health insurance 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects · adultswith private health insurance cover

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Government regulation of private health insurance 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PROM feedback vs usual care

Quality of life · ambulatory adult patients.

1 finding from 1 review

Routine provision of feedback from patient‐reported outcome measurements to healthcare providers and patients in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2687 participants
Moderate

PROM feedback vs usual care

Global Perceived Effect: General Health Perception 0 worse to 100 better ( · ambulatory adult patients.

1 finding from 1 review

Routine provision of feedback from patient‐reported outcome measurements to healthcare providers and patients in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
552 participants
Low

PROM feedback vs usual care

Level of functioning · ambulatory adult patients.

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Routine provision of feedback from patient‐reported outcome measurements to healthcare providers and patients in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PROM feedback vs usual care

Symptoms · ambulatory adult patients.

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Routine provision of feedback from patient‐reported outcome measurements to healthcare providers and patients in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PROM feedback vs usual care

Patient‐physician communication · ambulatory adult patients.

1 finding from 1 review

Routine provision of feedback from patient‐reported outcome measurements to healthcare providers and patients in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
658 participants
Moderate

PROM feedback vs usual care

Diagnosis and notation · ambulatory adult patients.

PROM feedback probably leads to higher diagnosis and notation compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Routine provision of feedback from patient‐reported outcome measurements to healthcare providers and patients in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.73 [1.44, 2.08]
7223 participants
Moderate

PROM feedback vs usual care

Disease control · ambulatory adult patients.

PROM feedback probably leads to higher disease control compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Routine provision of feedback from patient‐reported outcome measurements to healthcare providers and patients in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.25 [1.1, 1.41]
2806 participants
Moderate

PROM feedback vs usual care

Adverse effects · ambulatory adult patients.

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Routine provision of feedback from patient‐reported outcome measurements to healthcare providers and patients in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pay for performance (P4P) plus existing payment methods vs existing payment methods

Quantity of service provision (dichotomous) ‐ child immunisation status up‐to‐date · healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings

Pay for performance (P4P) plus existing payment methods probably leads to higher quantity of service provision (dichotomous) ‐ child immunisation… compared with existing payment methods (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Payment methods for healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.27 [1.19, 1.36]
2 studies · 3760 participants
Moderate

Fee‐for‐service (FFS) vs existing payment methods

Quantity of service provision ‐ number of outpatients visits, specialist visits, or hospitalisations · healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings

1 finding from 1 review

Payment methods for healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3 participants
Very low

Fee‐for‐service (FFS) vs existing payment methods

Service quality · healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Payment methods for healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Fee‐for‐service (FFS) vs existing payment methods

Patient outcomes ‐ people with mental illness · healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings

1 finding from 1 review

Payment methods for healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Very low

Fee‐for‐service (FFS) vs existing payment methods

Healthcare provider outcomes (such as work morale or workload) · healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Payment methods for healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Fee‐for‐service (FFS) vs existing payment methods

Costs · healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings

1 finding from 1 review

Payment methods for healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 participants
Very low

Fee‐for‐service (FFS) vs existing payment methods

Unintended or adverse effects · healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings

1 finding from 1 review

Payment methods for healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Low

Fee‐for‐service (FFS) mixed with existing payment methods vs existing payment methods

Quantity of service provision ‐ proportion of women/children receiving treatment · healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings

1 finding from 1 review

Payment methods for healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2 participants
Low