Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,191 questions · 2,354 findings · 362 reviews

No studies found 323 · 13.7%GRADE not reported 382 · 16.2%Very low 555 · 23.6%Low 597 · 25.4%Moderate 345 · 14.7%High 152 · 6.5%

NSAIDs vs placebo

Proportion of participants experiencing global improvement % of dichotomized Likert scale · Patients with acute low‐back pain

NSAIDs may leads to higher proportion of participants experiencing global improvement Various… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Digital targeted client communication via mobile devices vs non‐digital targeted client communication (parents of children aged under five years)

Health behaviour change – hygiene practices · parents of children aged < 5 years

Digital targeted client communication via mobile devices showed no clear difference in health behaviour change – hygiene practices (oral health in children… compared with non‐digital targeted client communication (parents of children aged… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Resilience interventions vs controls

Mental health and well‐being: depressionMeasured by: investigators measured depression using different instruments; lower scores mean lower depression Timing of outcome assessment: post‐intervention · healthcare students, including students in training for health professions delivering direct medical care (e.g. medical students, nursing…
1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs no treatment

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · young women with suspected primary dysmenorrhoea
1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs no treatment

Overall menstrual symptoms , measured by the MMDQ at the end of the intervention. Lower scores indicates lower menstrual symptom severity · young women with suspected primary dysmenorrhoea
1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural intervention vs usual care or no treatment

Health status and quality of life · people with stroke and urinary incontinence

Behavioural interventions showed no clear difference in health status and quality of life assessed by Bristol Female Lower… compared with usual care or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Change in pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 12 weeks (0 to 10 scale; lower score means less pain) · people with rheumatoid arthritis

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes change in pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 12 weeks (0 to 10 scale;… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Change in measure of disease activity Disease Activity Score (DAS‐28‐ESR) at 12 weeks (0 to 10 score; lower score means less disease activity) · people with rheumatoid arthritis

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes change in measure of disease activity Disease Activity Score… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review