Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

584 questions · 593 findings · 51 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 37 · 6.2%GRADE not reported 40 · 6.7%Very low 44 · 7.4%Low 172 · 29%Moderate 232 · 39.1%High 68 · 11.5%

Hypertonic saline vs Normal saline

Symptoms: cough, sputum volume and ease of expectoration, wheeze, dyspnoea · people with bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled hyperosmolar agents for bronchiectasis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 113 participants
GRADE not reported

Hypertonic saline vs Normal saline

FEV1 (L) · people with bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled hyperosmolar agents for bronchiectasis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Moderate

Hypertonic saline vs Normal saline

SGRQ Total SGRQ (Total) Score. Scale from: 0 to 100. Lower score indicates better quality of life. · people with bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled hyperosmolar agents for bronchiectasis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Moderate

Hypertonic saline vs Normal saline

Frequency and duration of exacerbations · people with bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled hyperosmolar agents for bronchiectasis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 70 participants
GRADE not reported

Hypertonic saline vs Normal saline

Hospital admissions · people with bronchiectasis

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled hyperosmolar agents for bronchiectasis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported

LABA/ICS vs LTRA + ICS

Number of participants with exacerbations requiring systemic steroids · patients with chronic asthma

LABA + ICS leads to lower participants with one or more exacerbations requiring systemic… compared with LTRA + ICS (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Addition to inhaled corticosteroids of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists versus anti‐leukotrienes for chronic asthma 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.87 [0.76, 0.99]
8 studies · 6257 participants
High

LABA/ICS vs LTRA + ICS

Change from baseline in morning PEFR (L/min) Duration of trials: 8 to 13 weeks · patients with chronic asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Addition to inhaled corticosteroids of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists versus anti‐leukotrienes for chronic asthma 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 6161 participants
Moderate

LABA/ICS vs LTRA + ICS

Lung function: FEV1 mL (change from baseline) · patients with chronic asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Addition to inhaled corticosteroids of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists versus anti‐leukotrienes for chronic asthma 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 4999 participants
High

LABA/ICS vs LTRA + ICS

Rescue‐free days: % change from baseline · patients with chronic asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Addition to inhaled corticosteroids of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists versus anti‐leukotrienes for chronic asthma 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 2612 participants
Moderate

LABA/ICS vs LTRA + ICS

Use of rescue medication · patients with chronic asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Addition to inhaled corticosteroids of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists versus anti‐leukotrienes for chronic asthma 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 4055 participants
High

LABA/ICS vs LTRA + ICS

Withdrawals due to any reason · patients with chronic asthma

LABA + ICS probably leads to lower withdrawals for any reason compared with LTRA + ICS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Addition to inhaled corticosteroids of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists versus anti‐leukotrienes for chronic asthma 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.74, 0.96]
13 studies · 6960 participants
Moderate

LABA/ICS vs LTRA + ICS

Serious adverse events · patients with chronic asthma

LABA + ICS showed no clear difference in serious adverse events compared with LTRA + ICS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Addition to inhaled corticosteroids of long‐acting beta₂‐agonists versus anti‐leukotrienes for chronic asthma 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.99, 1.79]
9 studies · 6288 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Linear growth velocity in first year of treatment (cm/y) · children up to 18 years of age with persistent asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: effects on growth 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
14 studies · 5717 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Change from baseline in height over first year of treatment (cm) · children up to 18 years of age with persistent asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: effects on growth 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
15 studies · 3275 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Change in height standard deviation score (SDS) in first year of treatment · children up to 18 years of age with persistent asthma

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: effects on growth 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 258 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Growth velocity over 12 months (cm/y) (higher is better) · children with persistent asthma

The intervention leads to higher growth velocity over 12 months (cm/y) (higher is better) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: dose‐response effects on growth 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.2 [0.02, 0.39]
4 studies · 728 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Change in height over 3 months (cm) (higher is better) · children with persistent asthma

The intervention showed no clear difference in change in height over 3 months (cm) (higher is better) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: dose‐response effects on growth 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 944 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Change in height over 12 months (cm) (higher is better) · children with persistent asthma

The intervention showed no clear difference in change in height over 12 months (cm) (higher is better) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: dose‐response effects on growth 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.25
4 studies · 548 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Change in SD scores over 12 months (height) (low change is better) · children with persistent asthma

The intervention showed no clear difference in change in SD scores over 12 months (height) (low change is better) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: dose‐response effects on growth 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.08
3 studies · 328 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Change in weight over 12 months (kg) (higher is better) · children with persistent asthma

The intervention showed no clear difference in change in weight over 12 months (kg) (higher is better) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled corticosteroids in children with persistent asthma: dose‐response effects on growth 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 408 participants
Low