What do systematic reviews say?

Comparison 1: CBT‐based psychotherapy vs treatment

• Psychosocial interventions for self‐harm in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 597 participants
  Low

CBT with biofeedback ± physical exercise vs waiting list control

• Interventions for treating persistent pain in survivors of torture 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 58 participants
  Very low

CBT with biofeedback ± physical exercise vs waiting list control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating persistent pain in survivors of torture 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CBT with biofeedback ± physical exercise vs waiting list control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating persistent pain in survivors of torture 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CBT with biofeedback ± physical exercise vs waiting list control

• Interventions for treating persistent pain in survivors of torture 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 57 participants
  Very low

CBT with biofeedback ± physical exercise vs waiting list control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating persistent pain in survivors of torture 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

CBT with biofeedback ± physical exercise vs waiting list control

• Interventions for treating persistent pain in survivors of torture 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 58 participants
  Very low

CBT with biofeedback ± physical exercise vs waiting list control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating persistent pain in survivors of torture 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Comparison 1: Individual CBT‐based psychotherapy vs TAU or another comparator

Comparison 1: Individual CBT‐based psychotherapy showed no clear difference in repetition of SH by post‐intervention compared with TAU or other comparator (low certainty).

• Interventions for self‐harm in children and adolescents 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.93 [0.12, 7.24]
  2 studies · 51 participants
  Low

Comparison 1: Individual CBT‐based psychotherapy vs treatment

It is very uncertain whether comparison 1: individual CBT‐based psychotherapy changes repetition of SH at six months compared with treatment (very low certainty).

• Interventions for self‐harm in children and adolescents 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.88 [0.3, 11.73]
  1 study · 39 participants
  Very low

Comparison 1.2: Group‐based CBT‐based psychotherapy vs TAU or another comparator

Comparison 1.2: Group‐based CBT‐based psychotherapy showed no clear difference in repetition of SH at post‐intervention compared with TAU or another comparator (moderate certainty).

• Psychosocial interventions for self‐harm in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.66 [0.36, 1.21]
  1 study · 313 participants
  Moderate

Comparison 1: Individual CBT‐based psychotherapy vs TAU or another comparator

Comparison 1.1: Individual‐based CBT‐based psychotherapy showed no clear difference in repetition of SH at post‐intervention compared with TAU or another comparator (low certainty).

• Psychosocial interventions for self‐harm in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.35 [0.12, 1.02]
  4 studies · 238 participants
  Low

PHASE SPECIFIC TREATMENT (RISPERIDONE + CBT) + SPECIALISED TEAM vs SPECIALISED TEAM

• Early intervention for psychosis 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 59 participants
  Moderate

PHASE SPECIFIC TREATMENT (RISPERIDONE + CBT) + SPECIALISED TEAM vs SPECIALISED TEAM

PHASE SPECIFIC TREATMENT (RISPERIDONE + CBT) + SPECIALISED TEAM probably leads to lower progression to psychosis ‐ by 6 months compared with SPECIALISED TEAM (moderate certainty).

• Early intervention for psychosis 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.27 [0.08, 0.89]
  1 study · 59 participants
  Moderate
• Early intervention for psychosis 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.54 [0.23, 1.3]
  1 study · 59 participants
  Moderate

Subacute to Chronic WAD: Trunk/Extremity Stretch/ROM + Trunk/Extremity Strengthening + Trunk/Extremity Endurance Training + Pattern/Synchronization: Coordination + Cardiovascular/Aerobic + Cognitive (CBT) + ANOTHER TREATMENT vs THAT SAME OTHER TREATMENT

Subacute to Chronic WAD: Trunk/Extremity Stretch/ROM +… showed no clear difference in pain Intensity: VAS 0 no pain to 10 worst pain ( compared with THAT SAME OTHER TREATMENT (low certainty).

• Exercises for mechanical neck disorders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 132 participants
  Low

Subacute to Chronic WAD: Trunk/Extremity Stretch/ROM + Trunk/Extremity Strengthening + Trunk/Extremity Endurance Training + Pattern/Synchronization: Coordination + Cardiovascular/Aerobic + Cognitive (CBT) + ANOTHER TREATMENT vs THAT SAME OTHER TREATMENT

Subacute to Chronic WAD: Trunk/Extremity Stretch/ROM +… showed no clear difference in function: NDI 0 no disability to 50 maximum disability ( compared with THAT SAME OTHER TREATMENT (low certainty).

• Exercises for mechanical neck disorders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 132 participants
  Low

Subacute to Chronic WAD: Trunk/Extremity Stretch/ROM + Trunk/Extremity Strengthening + Trunk/Extremity Endurance Training + Pattern/Synchronization: Coordination + Cardiovascular/Aerobic + Cognitive (CBT) + ANOTHER TREATMENT vs THAT SAME OTHER TREATMENT

Subacute to Chronic WAD: Trunk/Extremity Stretch/ROM +… showed no clear difference in global perceived effect: ‐5 to 5 scale; vastly worse to completely… compared with THAT SAME OTHER TREATMENT (low certainty).

• Exercises for mechanical neck disorders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 132 participants
  Low

Subacute to Chronic WAD: Trunk/Extremity Stretch/ROM + Trunk/Extremity Strengthening + Trunk/Extremity Endurance Training + Pattern/Synchronization: Coordination + Cardiovascular/Aerobic + Cognitive (CBT) + ANOTHER TREATMENT vs THAT SAME OTHER TREATMENT

Subacute to Chronic WAD: Trunk/Extremity Stretch/ROM +… showed no clear difference in quality of Life: SF‐36 0 high disability to 100 no disability ( compared with THAT SAME OTHER TREATMENT (low certainty).

• Exercises for mechanical neck disorders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 132 participants
  Low

Subacute to Chronic WAD: Trunk/Extremity Stretch/ROM + Trunk/Extremity Strengthening + Trunk/Extremity Endurance Training + Pattern/Synchronization: Coordination + Cardiovascular/Aerobic + Cognitive (CBT) + ANOTHER TREATMENT vs THAT SAME OTHER TREATMENT

• Exercises for mechanical neck disorders 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 3 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Comparative effectiveness of psychological interventions for treating the psychological consequences of sexual abuse… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Very low