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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,558 questions in 115 reviews · Vascular
current versionsNo studies 346 · 22.2%Ungraded 90 · 5.8%Very low 281 · 18%Low 477 · 30.6%Moderate 313 · 20.1%High 51 · 3.3%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Prostanoids vs naftidrofuryl Rest‐pain relief · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.83, 1.39] | 3 studies · 75 participants | Low |
Prostanoids vs naftidrofuryl Ulcer healing · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.97 [0.46, 2.03] | 2 studies · 39 participants | Low |
PGE1 vs ATP Cardiovascular mortality · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Prostanoids vs placebo Total amputations · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.97 [0.86, 1.09] | 12 studies · 2825 participants | High |
PGE1 vs ATP Total amputations · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.26 [0.09, 0.74] | 2 studies · 91 participants | Low |
PGE1 vs ATP Quality of life · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PGE1 vs ATP Adverse event (participants) · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 2.78 [1.41, 5.48] | 2 studies · 91 participants | Low |
PGE1 vs ATP Rest‐pain relief · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 34 participants | Ungraded |
PGE1 vs ATP Ulcer healing (complete) · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.72 [0.17, 3.03] | 1 study · 31 participants | Low |
PGE1 vs inositol niacinate Cardiovascular mortality · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PGE1 vs inositol niacinate Total amputations · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PGE1 vs inositol niacinate Quality of life · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PGE1 vs inositol niacinate Adverse events (participants) · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.6 [0.79, 3.23] | 1 study · 65 participants | Low |
PGE1 vs inositol niacinate Rest‐pain relief · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.45 [0.88, 2.37] | 1 study · 65 participants | Low |
Prostanoids vs placebo Quality of life · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PGE1 vs inositol niacinate Ulcer healing · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 3.06 [0.41, 22.79] | 1 study · 65 participants | Low |
Iloprost vs PGE1 Cardiovascular mortality · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Iloprost vs PGE1 Total amputations · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.66, 1.21] | 1 study · 209 participants | Low |
Iloprost vs PGE1 Quality of life · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Iloprost vs PGE1 Adverse events (participants) · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 2.35 [1.82, 3.04] | 4 studies · 511 participants | Moderate |
Iloprost vs PGE1 Rest‐pain relief · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.15 [0.9, 1.47] | 1 study · 228 participants | Low |
Iloprost vs PGE1 Ulcer healing · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.24 [0.95, 1.63] | 1 study · 228 participants | Low |
Clinprost vs lipo‐PGE1 Cardiovascular mortality · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Ungraded |
Clinprost vs lipo‐PGE1 Total amputations · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Clinprost vs lipo‐PGE1 Quality of life · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Prostanoids vs placebo Adverse events (participants) · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 2.11 [1.79, 2.5] | 8 studies · 655 participants | Moderate |
Clinprost vs lipo‐PGE1 Adverse events · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.83 [0.56, 5.96] | 1 study · 135 participants | Moderate |
Clinprost vs lipo‐PGE1 Rest‐pain relief · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.05 [0.58, 1.87] | 1 study · 67 participants | Low |
Clinprost vs lipo‐PGE1 Ulcer healing · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.18 [0.74, 1.89] | 1 study · 72 participants | Low |
Prostanoids vs placebo Rest‐pain relief (dichotomous) · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.3 [1.06, 1.59] | 10 studies · 1179 participants | Moderate |
Prostanoids vs placebo Ulcer healing · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.24 [1.04, 1.48] | 11 studies · 1719 participants | Moderate |
Prostanoids vs pentoxifylline Cardiovascular mortality · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Prostanoids vs pentoxifylline Total amputations · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | RR 0.5 [0.05, 5.27] | 1 study · 70 participants | Very low |
Prostanoids vs pentoxifylline Quality of life · people with critical limb ischaemia Prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Computer or human alerts interventions vs standard care Received prophylaxis** ( · adult medical and surgical patients at risk for VTE Interventions for implementation of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized patients at risk for venous… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 5057 participants | Low |
Computer or human alerts interventions vs standard care Received appropriate prophylaxis** ( · adult medical and surgical patients at risk for VTE Interventions for implementation of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized patients at risk for venous… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 1820 participants | Moderate |
Computer or human alerts interventions vs standard care Symptomatic VTE ( · adult medical and surgical patients at risk for VTE Interventions for implementation of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized patients at risk for venous… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 5353 participants | Low |
Multifaceted interventions vs standard care or another intervention Received prophylaxis (Unadjusted; · adult medical and surgical patients at risk for VTE Interventions for implementation of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized patients at risk for venous… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 26330 participants | Moderate |
Multifaceted interventions vs standard care or another intervention Received prophylaxis (Adjusted; · adult medical and surgical patients at risk for VTE Interventions for implementation of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalized patients at risk for venous… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 9198 participants | Moderate |
PTA vs stent Technical success ITT No. of limbs: 476 (5 RCTs) · people with infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia Angioplasty versus stenting for infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | OR 3 [1.14, 7.93] | NR | Moderate |
PTA vs stent Technical success TA No. of limbs: 474 (5 RCTs) · people with infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia Angioplasty versus stenting for infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | OR 2.78 [1.04, 7.41] | NR | Moderate |
PTA vs stent Procedural complications ITT No. of participants: 360 (5 RCTs) · people with infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia Angioplasty versus stenting for infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | OR 0.87 [0.01, 53.6] | NR | Moderate |
PTA vs stent Procedural complications TA No. of participants: 359 (5 RCTs) · people with infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia Angioplasty versus stenting for infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | OR 0.84 [0.01, 47.7] | NR | Moderate |
PTA vs stent Primary patency < 6 months ITT No. of lesions: 456 (3 RCTs) · people with infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia Angioplasty versus stenting for infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | OR 0.88 [0.37, 2.11] | NR | Moderate |
PTA vs stent Primary patency < 6 months TA No. of lesions: 309 (3 RCTs) · people with infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia Angioplasty versus stenting for infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | OR 0.97 [0.32, 3] | NR | Moderate |
PTA vs stent Mortality TA No. of participants: 487 (6 RCTs) · people with infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia Angioplasty versus stenting for infrapopliteal arterial lesions in chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia (2018) · Cochrane | OR 0.7 [0.42, 1.15] | NR | Moderate |
Prostanoids vs lumbar sympathectomy Complete ulcer healing without rest pain or major amputation (per protocol) Clinical assessment · people with critical limb ischaemia due to non‐reconstructable peripheral arterial disease Lumbar sympathectomy versus prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia due to non‐reconstructable peripheral… (2018) · Cochrane | RR 1.63 [1.3, 2.05] | 1 study · 162 participants | Low |
Prostanoids vs lumbar sympathectomy Intermittent and absolute claudication distances · people with critical limb ischaemia due to non‐reconstructable peripheral arterial disease Lumbar sympathectomy versus prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia due to non‐reconstructable peripheral… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Prostanoids vs lumbar sympathectomy Quality of life and functional status · people with critical limb ischaemia due to non‐reconstructable peripheral arterial disease Lumbar sympathectomy versus prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia due to non‐reconstructable peripheral… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Prostanoids vs lumbar sympathectomy Adverse effects Clinical assessment · people with critical limb ischaemia due to non‐reconstructable peripheral arterial disease Lumbar sympathectomy versus prostanoids for critical limb ischaemia due to non‐reconstructable peripheral… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 162 participants | Low |