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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,206 questions in 117 reviews · Common Mental Disorders
current versionsNo studies 387 · 17.5%Ungraded 111 · 5%Very low 635 · 28.8%Low 568 · 25.7%Moderate 449 · 20.4%High 56 · 2.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Light therapy vs no light therapy Incidence of severe SAD (SIGH‐SAD‐SR (≥ 40)) ( · all participants were known SAD patients who had been successfully treated with conventional light therapy in previous… Light therapy for preventing seasonal affective disorder (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.21 [0.04, 1.05] | 1 study · 38 participants | Very low |
Light therapy vs no light therapy Overall discontinuation ( · all participants were known SAD patients who had been successfully treated with conventional light therapy in previous… Light therapy for preventing seasonal affective disorder (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.94 [0.27, 14.01] | 1 study · 46 participants | Very low |
Mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT) vs treatment Incidence of SAD (IDS‐SR > 20) · adults with a history of SAD but without depressive symptoms when treatment started Psychological therapies for preventing seasonal affective disorder (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.88 [0.6, 1.3] | 1 study · 46 participants | Very low |
Mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT) vs treatment Severity of SAD ( · adults with a history of SAD but without depressive symptoms when treatment started Psychological therapies for preventing seasonal affective disorder (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 32 participants | Very low |
Mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT) vs treatment Overall discontinuation rate · adults with a history of SAD but without depressive symptoms when treatment started Psychological therapies for preventing seasonal affective disorder (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.33 [0.34, 5.3] | 1 study · 46 participants | Very low |
Agomelatine vs placebo Incidence of SAD (modified ITT) · adults with a history of SAD Melatonin and agomelatine for preventing seasonal affective disorder (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.83 [0.51, 1.34] | 1 study · 199 participants | Very low |
Agomelatine vs placebo Number of persons with at least one adverse event within a year · adults with a history of SAD Melatonin and agomelatine for preventing seasonal affective disorder (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.84, 1.34] | 1 study · 225 participants | Very low |
Agomelatine vs placebo Severity of depression (SIGH‐SAD score) at the end of the study · adults with a history of SAD Melatonin and agomelatine for preventing seasonal affective disorder (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 199 participants | Very low |
Agomelatine vs placebo Quality of life · adults with a history of SAD Melatonin and agomelatine for preventing seasonal affective disorder (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Agomelatine vs placebo Quality of interpersonal and social functioning · adults with a history of SAD Melatonin and agomelatine for preventing seasonal affective disorder (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Agomelatine vs placebo Number of persons with at least one severe adverse event within a year · adults with a history of SAD Melatonin and agomelatine for preventing seasonal affective disorder (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.76 [0.17, 3.3] | 1 study · 225 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapies vs no intervention Change in depressive symptoms · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 764 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapies vs education Change in quality of life (QoL), emotional functioning · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 460 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapies vs education Change in dyspnoea · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 458 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapies vs education Change in exercise tolerance · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 286 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapies vs education Change in hospital length of stay or readmission rates · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 222 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapies vs education Cost effectiveness · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 222 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapies and co‐intervention vs co‐intervention alone change in depressive symptoms · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 114 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapies vs no intervention Adverse events · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 6 participants | Ungraded |
Psychological therapies vs no intervention Change in quality of life (QoL) · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 348 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapies vs no intervention Change in dyspnoea · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Psychological therapies vs no intervention Change in FEV1 · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Psychological therapies vs no intervention Change in exercise tolerance · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Psychological therapies vs no intervention Hospital length of stay or readmission rates · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Psychological therapies vs education Change in depressive symptoms · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 507 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapies vs education Adverse events · people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Psychological therapies for the treatment of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Relapse/recurrence (end of intervention) · people with persistent depressive disorder Comparative effectiveness of continuation and maintenance treatments for persistent depressive disorder in… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.41 [0.21, 0.79] | 4 studies · 383 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Dropout due to any reason (end of intervention) · people with persistent depressive disorder Comparative effectiveness of continuation and maintenance treatments for persistent depressive disorder in… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.9 [0.39, 2.11] | 4 studies · 386 participants | Low |
Present‐centered therapy vs control conditions PTSD severity (post‐treatment) ‐ standardized difference · post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults Present‐centered therapy (PCT) for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 290 participants | Moderate |
Present‐centered therapy vs control conditions Dropout · post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults Present‐centered therapy (PCT) for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.3 [0.51, 3.29] | 3 studies · 290 participants | Low |
Present‐centered therapy vs trauma‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy CAPS PTSD severity (post‐treatment) ‐ mean difference · post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults Present‐centered therapy (PCT) for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 607 participants | Low |
Present‐centered therapy vs trauma‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy PTSD severity (post‐treatment) ‐ standardized difference · post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults Present‐centered therapy (PCT) for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 1129 participants | Low |
Present‐centered therapy vs trauma‐focused cognitive behavioral therapy Treatment dropout · post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults Present‐centered therapy (PCT) for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.58 [0.49, 0.69] | 10 studies · 1542 participants | Moderate |
Pharmacy‐based management (pharmacist with or without wider team) vs treatment Depression symptom level: improvement (intervention endpoint) · adults Pharmacy‐based management for depression in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.95 [0.86, 1.05] | 4 studies · 475 participants | Moderate |
Pharmacy‐based management (pharmacist with or without wider team) vs treatment Depression symptom level: change from baseline mean depression score (intervention endpoint) · adults Pharmacy‐based management for depression in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 718 participants | High |
Pharmacy‐based management (pharmacist with or without wider team) vs treatment Acceptability of the intervention (as measured by participants not attending · adults Pharmacy‐based management for depression in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.09 [0.81, 1.45] | 12 studies · 2072 participants | Low |
Pharmacy‐based management (pharmacist with or without wider team) vs treatment Diagnosis of depression · adults Pharmacy‐based management for depression in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 368 participants | Ungraded |
Pharmacy‐based management (pharmacist with or without wider team) vs treatment Non‐adherence to medication · adults Pharmacy‐based management for depression in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.73 [0.61, 0.87] | 6 studies · 911 participants | High |
Pharmacy‐based management (pharmacist with or without wider team) vs treatment Frequency of primary care appointments · adults Pharmacy‐based management for depression in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 74 participants | Ungraded |
Pharmacy‐based management (pharmacist with or without wider team) vs treatment Quality of life · adults Pharmacy‐based management for depression in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 239 participants | Ungraded |
Pharmacy‐based management (pharmacist with or without wider team) vs treatment Social functioning · adults Pharmacy‐based management for depression in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 125 participants | Ungraded |
Acupuncture vs no treatment/wait list/treatment Severity of depression at the end of treatment · clinical diagnosis of depression Acupuncture for depression (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 488 participants | Low |
Acupuncture vs medication Adverse events ( · clinical diagnosis of depression Acupuncture for depression (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 481 participants | Very low |
Acupuncture vs medication Quality of life (physical) · clinical diagnosis of depression Acupuncture for depression (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture vs medication Quality of life (emotional) · clinical diagnosis of depression Acupuncture for depression (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Acupuncture plus medication vs medication Severity of depression at the end of treatment · clinical diagnosis of depression Acupuncture for depression (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 11 studies · 813 participants | Very low |
Acupuncture plus medication vs medication Adverse events ( · clinical diagnosis of depression Acupuncture for depression (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 200 participants | Very low |
Acupuncture plus medication vs medication Quality of life (physical) at the end of treatment (higher scores indicate greater quality of life) · clinical diagnosis of depression Acupuncture for depression (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 127 participants | Very low |
Acupuncture plus medication vs medication Quality of life (emotional) at the end of treatment (higher scores indicate greater quality of life) · clinical diagnosis of depression Acupuncture for depression (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 219 participants | Very low |
Acupuncture vs psychological therapy Severity of depression at the end of treatment as measured by self‐rated depression scores (lower score indicates less severe depression) · clinical diagnosis of depression Acupuncture for depression (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 497 participants | Low |