What do systematic reviews say?

Monetary incentives vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether monetary incentives changes proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (MMR) ‐… compared with routine care (very low certainty).

• Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.06 [0.95, 1.18]
  1 study · 615 participants
  Very low

Monetary incentives vs usual care

It is very uncertain whether monetary incentives changes proportion of children who received the vaccine under study (MMR) ‐… compared with routine care (very low certainty).

• Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.09 [0.96, 1.14]
  1 study · 456 participants
  Very low

Monetary incentives vs usual care

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for improving coverage of childhood immunisation in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Multi‐component provider intervention vs usual practice

• Improving vaccination uptake among adolescents 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 15849 participants
  Moderate

Interventions for involving patients in decision‐making about their health care vs attention control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for involving older patients with multi‐morbidity in decision‐making during primary care consultations 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Intensive advocacy interventions for women who experience intimate partner abuse vs (Optimised) usual care

• Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 181 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs Insulin glargin (control)

Insulin detemir (intervention) showed no clear difference in percentage of participants having at least one severe hypoglycaemic… compared with insulin glargin (control) (low certainty).

• Insulin detemir versus insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes mellitus 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.82 [0.51, 1.32]
  4 studies · 2252 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs Insulin glargin (control)

Insulin detemir (intervention) showed no clear difference in percentage of participants having at least one hypoglycaemic event compared with insulin glargin (control) (low certainty).

• Insulin detemir versus insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes mellitus 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.98 [0.92, 1.05]
  4 studies · 2252 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: insulin detemir vs Insulin glargin (control)

Insulin detemir (intervention) may leads to higher percentage of participants having at least one injection site reaction compared with insulin glargin (control) (low certainty).

• Insulin detemir versus insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes mellitus 2011 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 3.31 [1.13, 9.73]
  4 studies · 2252 participants
  Low

Bone marrow vs steroid injection

It is very uncertain whether bone marrow changes success rate (radiographically‐assessed healing of cyst healing… compared with steroid injections (very low certainty).

• Interventions for treating simple bone cysts in the long bones of children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.55 [0.28, 1.09]
  1 study · 77 participants
  Very low

Bone marrow vs steroid injection

• Interventions for treating simple bone cysts in the long bones of children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 77 participants
  Low

Bone marrow vs steroid injection

It is very uncertain whether bone marrow changes adverse event: pathological fracture Clinical record compared with steroid injections (very low certainty).

• Interventions for treating simple bone cysts in the long bones of children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.8 [0.37, 1.7]
  1 study · 77 participants
  Very low

Bone marrow vs steroid injection

It is very uncertain whether bone marrow changes adverse event: infection Clinical record compared with steroid injections (very low certainty).

• Interventions for treating simple bone cysts in the long bones of children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 4.88 [0.24, 98.32]
  1 study · 77 participants
  Very low

Bone marrow vs steroid injection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for treating simple bone cysts in the long bones of children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Bone marrow vs steroid injection

• Interventions for treating simple bone cysts in the long bones of children 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 77 participants
  Low

Astragalus and co‐interventions vs co‐intervention alone

• Astragalus (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Astragalus and co‐interventions vs co‐intervention alone

• Astragalus (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Astragalus and co‐interventions vs co‐intervention alone

• Astragalus (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 306 participants
  Low

Astragalus and co‐interventions vs co‐intervention alone

• Astragalus (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  14 studies · 841 participants
  Low

Astragalus and co‐interventions vs co‐intervention alone

• Astragalus (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 706 participants
  Low