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Search review questions

Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

Limit to evidence status or GRADE (optional)

1,173 questions in 89 reviews · Neuromuscular

current versions
No studies 302 · 25.7%Ungraded 119 · 10.1%Very low 267 · 22.8%Low 239 · 20.4%Moderate 177 · 15.1%High 69 · 5.9%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

QuestionEffectEvidenceStatus / GRADE
Intervention NR
Maximum voluntary contraction in myotonic dystrophy type 2 % · patients with muscular dystrophies
Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 10 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Adverse events · patients with muscular dystrophies
Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted8 studies · 261 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Global assessment of improvement felt better · patients with muscular dystrophies
Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane
RR 4.51 [2.33, 8.74]4 studies · 183 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Maximum voluntary contraction in mitochondrial diseases % · patients with metabolic myopathies
Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 38 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Maximum voluntary contraction in glycogen storage disease type V % · patients with metabolic myopathies
Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 28 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Impairment of activities of daily living (ADL) in glycogen storage disease type V Visual numeric scale. Scale from: 1 to 10. · patients with metabolic myopathies
Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 19 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Adverse events in mitochondrial diseases · patients with metabolic myopathies
Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted3 studies · 38 participantsUngraded
Intervention NR
ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS) score at 3 months Scale from: 0 to 40 (higher is better). · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 43 participantsLow
Intervention NR
Short‐Form‐36 Health Survey (SF‐36) score at 3 months Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is better). · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 18 participantsModerate
Intervention NR
Fatigue Severity Scale score at 3 months Scale from: 0 to 63 (lower is better). · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 43 participantsLow
Intervention NR
Manual Muscle Testing score at 3 months Right and left shoulder abduction, elbow flexion and extension, finger abduction and extension, hip flexion, knee flexion and extension, foot dorsiflexion and plantarflexion assessed and graded 0 to 5 Medica... · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 18 participantsModerate
Intervention NR
Upper extremity maximum voluntary isometric contraction score at 3 months Quantitative Muscle Assessment (QMA) system. Data were normalized, summed and averaged to yield an U/E megascore (higher is better). · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 22 participantsModerate
Intervention NR
Lower extremity maximum voluntary isometric contraction score at 3 months Quantitative Muscle Assessment (QMA) system. Data were normalized, summed and averaged to yield a L/E megascore (higher is better). · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 20 participantsModerate
Intervention NR
Adverse effects related to the intervention · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 43 participantsUngraded
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo
At least 50% reduction in pain or equivalent · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy)
Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 317 participantsUngraded
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo
"Moderate" benefit At least 30% reduction in pain · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy)
Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 317 participantsUngraded
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo
Proportion below 30/100 mm on VAS · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy)
Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo
Patient Global Impression of Change much or very much improved · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy)
Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 399 participantsUngraded
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo
Adverse event withdrawals · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy)
Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane
RR 3.4 [4.3, 7.1]1038 participantsModerate
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo
Serious adverse events · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy)
Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane
RR 0.9 [0.6, 1.3]1586 participantsModerate
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo
Death · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy)
Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extractedNRNo studies
rTMS vs sham rTMS
Changes to the ALSFRS‐R scores at 12 months · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor… (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 12 participantsLow
rTMS vs sham rTMS
Changes to the MMT scores at 12 months · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor… (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 12 participantsLow
rTMS vs sham rTMS
Changes to FSS at 12 months · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor… (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted0 studies · 0 participantsUngraded
rTMS vs sham rTMS
Adverse events leading to cessation of treatment · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor… (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted3 studies · 50 participantsUngraded
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo
Short‐term overall improvement (three months or less) · patients with CTS
Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane
RR 2.36 [1.4, 3.98]1 study · 68 participantsLow
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo
Adverse effects · patients with CTS
Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 68 participantsLow
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo
Short‐term improvement in pain and/or paraesthesia (after seven weeks of treatment) Scale from: zero to 10 · patients with CTS
Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 68 participantsLow
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo
Short‐term improvement in hand grip strength (change from baseline to seven weeks) · patients with CTS
Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 90 participantsLow
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo
Long‐term improvement in CTS symptoms (number of participants with complete remission of subjective symptoms) (six months · patients with CTS
Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane
RR 3.67 [1.74, 7.74]1 study · 60 participantsLow
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo
Long‐term improvement in pain and/or paraesthesia (six months · patients with CTS
Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 60 participantsLow
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo
Long‐term improvement in hand grip strength (six months · patients with CTS
Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 60 participantsLow
Intervention NR
Mortality or tracheostomy at 12 months (pooled hazard ratio)(riluzole 100 mg) · patients with ALS/MND
Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane
HR 0.83 [0.7, 1]3 studies · 1282 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Per cent mortality at 12 months (riluzole 100 mg) · patients with ALS/MND
Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane
RR 0.78 [0.65, 0.92]3 studies · 799 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Rate of decline of Norris Scale ‐ Norris Limb (riluzole 100 mg) · patients with ALS/MND
Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted3 studies · 731 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Rate of decline of Norris Scale ‐ Norris Bulbar (riluzole 100 mg) · patients with ALS/MND
Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted3 studies · 742 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Adverse event: nausea · patients with ALS/MND
Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane
RR 1.55 [1.06, 2.28]3 studies · 801 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Adverse event: asthenia · patients with ALS/MND
Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane
RR 1.5 [1.07, 2.12]3 studies · 801 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
Adverse event: 3‐fold increase in alanine transferase · patients with ALS/MND
Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane
RR 2.62 [1.59, 4.31]3 studies · 801 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
rhIGF‐I, 0.1 mg/kg/day ‐ survival at12 months · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease
Recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor I (rhIGF‐I) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral… (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted3 studies · 690 participantsLow
Intervention NR
rhIGF‐I, 0.1 mg/kg/day ‐ change in AALSRS at 9 months · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease
Recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor I (rhIGF‐I) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral… (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 357 participantsLow
Intervention NR
rhIGF‐I, 0.1 mg/kg/day ‐ change in SIP after 9 months · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease
Recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor I (rhIGF‐I) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral… (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted156 participantsLow
Intervention NR
rhIGF‐I, all doses ‐ injection site pain · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease
Recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor I (rhIGF‐I) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral… (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 449 participantsLow
Intervention NR
rhIGF‐I, all doses ‐ injection site inflammation/reaction · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease
Recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor I (rhIGF‐I) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral… (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted3 studies · 779 participantsLow
Intervention NR
Tracheostomy‐free survival · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Creatine for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted3 studies · 386 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
ALSFRS‐R slope Change in ALSFRS‐R / month · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Creatine for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted3 studies · 386 participantsHigh
Intervention NR
FVC Slope Change in FVC / month · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Creatine for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted2 studies · 211 participantsHigh
Medial epicondylectomy plus oral steroids vs oral steroids alone
Change in sensory score after one year · patients with nerve damage in leprosy
Decompressive surgery for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 57 participantsVery low
Medial epicondylectomy plus oral steroids vs oral steroids alone
Proportion of ulnar nerves with sensory improvement after one year · patients with nerve damage in leprosy
Decompressive surgery for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2012) · Cochrane
RR 1.12 [0.71, 1.77]1 study · 62 participantsVery low
Medial epicondylectomy plus oral steroids vs oral steroids alone
Change in motor score after one year · patients with nerve damage in leprosy
Decompressive surgery for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2012) · Cochrane
no estimate extracted1 study · 57 participantsVery low