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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,173 questions in 89 reviews · Neuromuscular
current versionsNo studies 302 · 25.7%Ungraded 119 · 10.1%Very low 267 · 22.8%Low 239 · 20.4%Moderate 177 · 15.1%High 69 · 5.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR Maximum voluntary contraction in myotonic dystrophy type 2 % · patients with muscular dystrophies Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 10 participants | High |
Intervention NR Adverse events · patients with muscular dystrophies Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 261 participants | High |
Intervention NR Global assessment of improvement felt better · patients with muscular dystrophies Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane | RR 4.51 [2.33, 8.74] | 4 studies · 183 participants | High |
Intervention NR Maximum voluntary contraction in mitochondrial diseases % · patients with metabolic myopathies Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 38 participants | High |
Intervention NR Maximum voluntary contraction in glycogen storage disease type V % · patients with metabolic myopathies Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 28 participants | High |
Intervention NR Impairment of activities of daily living (ADL) in glycogen storage disease type V Visual numeric scale. Scale from: 1 to 10. · patients with metabolic myopathies Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 19 participants | High |
Intervention NR Adverse events in mitochondrial diseases · patients with metabolic myopathies Creatine for treating muscle disorders (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 38 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS) score at 3 months Scale from: 0 to 40 (higher is better). · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 43 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Short‐Form‐36 Health Survey (SF‐36) score at 3 months Scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is better). · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 18 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Fatigue Severity Scale score at 3 months Scale from: 0 to 63 (lower is better). · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 43 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Manual Muscle Testing score at 3 months Right and left shoulder abduction, elbow flexion and extension, finger abduction and extension, hip flexion, knee flexion and extension, foot dorsiflexion and plantarflexion assessed and graded 0 to 5 Medica... · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 18 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Upper extremity maximum voluntary isometric contraction score at 3 months Quantitative Muscle Assessment (QMA) system. Data were normalized, summed and averaged to yield an U/E megascore (higher is better). · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 22 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Lower extremity maximum voluntary isometric contraction score at 3 months Quantitative Muscle Assessment (QMA) system. Data were normalized, summed and averaged to yield a L/E megascore (higher is better). · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Adverse effects related to the intervention · people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease Therapeutic exercise for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 43 participants | Ungraded |
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo At least 50% reduction in pain or equivalent · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy) Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 317 participants | Ungraded |
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo "Moderate" benefit At least 30% reduction in pain · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy) Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 317 participants | Ungraded |
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo Proportion below 30/100 mm on VAS · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy) Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo Patient Global Impression of Change much or very much improved · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy) Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 399 participants | Ungraded |
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo Adverse event withdrawals · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy) Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane | RR 3.4 [4.3, 7.1] | 1038 participants | Moderate |
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo Serious adverse events · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy) Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane | RR 0.9 [0.6, 1.3] | 1586 participants | Moderate |
Topiramate 200 to 400 mg vs placebo Death · neuropathic pain (two studies found in painful diabetic neuropathy, and one in lumbar radiculopathy) Topiramate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
rTMS vs sham rTMS Changes to the ALSFRS‐R scores at 12 months · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 12 participants | Low |
rTMS vs sham rTMS Changes to the MMT scores at 12 months · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 12 participants | Low |
rTMS vs sham rTMS Changes to FSS at 12 months · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
rTMS vs sham rTMS Adverse events leading to cessation of treatment · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 50 participants | Ungraded |
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo Short‐term overall improvement (three months or less) · patients with CTS Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | RR 2.36 [1.4, 3.98] | 1 study · 68 participants | Low |
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo Adverse effects · patients with CTS Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 68 participants | Low |
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo Short‐term improvement in pain and/or paraesthesia (after seven weeks of treatment) Scale from: zero to 10 · patients with CTS Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 68 participants | Low |
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo Short‐term improvement in hand grip strength (change from baseline to seven weeks) · patients with CTS Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 90 participants | Low |
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo Long‐term improvement in CTS symptoms (number of participants with complete remission of subjective symptoms) (six months · patients with CTS Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | RR 3.67 [1.74, 7.74] | 1 study · 60 participants | Low |
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo Long‐term improvement in pain and/or paraesthesia (six months · patients with CTS Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Low |
Therapeutic ultrasound vs placebo Long‐term improvement in hand grip strength (six months · patients with CTS Therapeutic ultrasound for carpal tunnel syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Mortality or tracheostomy at 12 months (pooled hazard ratio)(riluzole 100 mg) · patients with ALS/MND Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane | HR 0.83 [0.7, 1] | 3 studies · 1282 participants | High |
Intervention NR Per cent mortality at 12 months (riluzole 100 mg) · patients with ALS/MND Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane | RR 0.78 [0.65, 0.92] | 3 studies · 799 participants | High |
Intervention NR Rate of decline of Norris Scale ‐ Norris Limb (riluzole 100 mg) · patients with ALS/MND Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 731 participants | High |
Intervention NR Rate of decline of Norris Scale ‐ Norris Bulbar (riluzole 100 mg) · patients with ALS/MND Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 742 participants | High |
Intervention NR Adverse event: nausea · patients with ALS/MND Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.55 [1.06, 2.28] | 3 studies · 801 participants | High |
Intervention NR Adverse event: asthenia · patients with ALS/MND Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.5 [1.07, 2.12] | 3 studies · 801 participants | High |
Intervention NR Adverse event: 3‐fold increase in alanine transferase · patients with ALS/MND Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) (2012) · Cochrane | RR 2.62 [1.59, 4.31] | 3 studies · 801 participants | High |
Intervention NR rhIGF‐I, 0.1 mg/kg/day ‐ survival at12 months · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease Recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor I (rhIGF‐I) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral… (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 690 participants | Low |
Intervention NR rhIGF‐I, 0.1 mg/kg/day ‐ change in AALSRS at 9 months · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease Recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor I (rhIGF‐I) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral… (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 357 participants | Low |
Intervention NR rhIGF‐I, 0.1 mg/kg/day ‐ change in SIP after 9 months · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease Recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor I (rhIGF‐I) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral… (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 156 participants | Low |
Intervention NR rhIGF‐I, all doses ‐ injection site pain · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease Recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor I (rhIGF‐I) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral… (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 449 participants | Low |
Intervention NR rhIGF‐I, all doses ‐ injection site inflammation/reaction · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease Recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor I (rhIGF‐I) for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral… (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 779 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Tracheostomy‐free survival · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Creatine for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 386 participants | High |
Intervention NR ALSFRS‐R slope Change in ALSFRS‐R / month · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Creatine for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 386 participants | High |
Intervention NR FVC Slope Change in FVC / month · patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Creatine for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 211 participants | High |
Medial epicondylectomy plus oral steroids vs oral steroids alone Change in sensory score after one year · patients with nerve damage in leprosy Decompressive surgery for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 57 participants | Very low |
Medial epicondylectomy plus oral steroids vs oral steroids alone Proportion of ulnar nerves with sensory improvement after one year · patients with nerve damage in leprosy Decompressive surgery for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2012) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [0.71, 1.77] | 1 study · 62 participants | Very low |
Medial epicondylectomy plus oral steroids vs oral steroids alone Change in motor score after one year · patients with nerve damage in leprosy Decompressive surgery for treating nerve damage in leprosy (2012) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 57 participants | Very low |