Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,805 questions · 2,912 findings · 307 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 706 · 24.2%GRADE not reported 133 · 4.6%Very low 786 · 27%Low 696 · 23.9%Moderate 474 · 16.3%High 117 · 4%

SOCIAL SKILLS vs no intervention

Teacher‐rated general behaviour Measured by: Self‐Control Rating Scale; Conners Behavior Rating Scale: Aggressiveness Index; Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale; Conners Teacher Rating Scale: Conduct Problems Index; Strengths and Difficulti... · Children and adolescents with ADHD
1 finding from 1 review

SOCIAL SKILLS vs no intervention

Parent‐rated general behaviour Measured by: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (parent‐rated; total scores); Conners Behavior Rating Scale: Aggressiveness Index; Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale; Behavior Rating Inventory of Execut... · Children and adolescents with ADHD
1 finding from 1 review

SOCIAL SKILLS vs no intervention

ADHD symptoms · Children and adolescents with ADHD
2 findings from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs an alternative dietary approach

Recovery during intervention defined as achieving WHZ ≥ −2 and absence of oedema in 1 study; reaching a WHZ score > −2 and without oedema in 1 study; WHZ > −2 in 1 study; having a WHZ score ≥ 0 in 1 study; reaching 100% weight for height in 1 stud... · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (and mixed HIV comorbidity), some of whom had been stabilised as inpatients pre‐trial

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose… probably leads to higher recovery during intervention defined as achieving WHZ ≥ −2 and… compared with an alternative dietary approach (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs RUTF using an alternative formulation

Relapse during intervention defined as admission to inpatient therapeutic care, remain wasted, and dropouts during intervention period · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (and mixed HIV comorbidity), some of whom had been stabilised as inpatients pre‐trial

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) leads to lower relapse during intervention defined as admission to inpatient… compared with RUTF using an alternative formulation (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs RUTF using an alternative formulation

Mortality during intervention · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (and mixed HIV comorbidity), some of whom had been stabilised as inpatients pre‐trial

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) showed no clear difference in mortality during intervention compared with RUTF using an alternative formulation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs RUTF using an alternative formulation

Rate of weight gain (g/kg/day) · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (and mixed HIV comorbidity), some of whom had been stabilised as inpatients pre‐trial
1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs an alternative dietary approach

Relapse during intervention defined as admission to inpatient therapeutic care or recurrence of oedema or systematic infections during the study period, and dropouts during intervention period · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (and mixed HIV comorbidity), some of whom had been stabilised as inpatients pre‐trial

It is very uncertain whether standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose… changes relapse during intervention defined as admission to inpatient… compared with an alternative dietary approach (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs an alternative dietary approach

Mortality during intervention · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (and mixed HIV comorbidity), some of whom had been stabilised as inpatients pre‐trial

It is very uncertain whether standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose… changes mortality during intervention compared with an alternative dietary approach (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs an alternative dietary approach

Rate of weight gain (g/kg/day) · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (and mixed HIV comorbidity), some of whom had been stabilised as inpatients pre‐trial
1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs as a supplement to the usual diet

Recovery during intervention defined as WHZ > 0 in 1 study; 100% weight for height in 1 study · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (1 study included HIV‐uninfected children; 1 study included HIV‐infected children), all of whom…

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose… may leads to higher recovery during intervention defined as WHZ > 0 in 1 study; 100%… compared with as a supplement to the usual diet (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs as a supplement to the usual diet

Relapse during intervention defined as admission to inpatient therapeutic care or recurrence of oedema or systematic infections during the study period, and dropouts during intervention period · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (1 study included HIV‐uninfected children; 1 study included HIV‐infected children), all of whom…

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose… may leads to lower relapse during intervention defined as admission to inpatient… compared with as a supplement to the usual diet (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs as a supplement to the usual diet

Mortality during intervention · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (1 study included HIV‐uninfected children; 1 study included HIV‐infected children), all of whom…

It is very uncertain whether standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose… changes mortality during intervention compared with as a supplement to the usual diet (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs as a supplement to the usual diet

Rate of weight gain (g/kg/day) · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (1 study included HIV‐uninfected children; 1 study included HIV‐infected children), all of whom…
1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs RUTF using an alternative formulation

Recovery during intervention defined as weight gain ≥ 15% in relation to baseline weight, absence of complications and oedema, and MUAC > 110 mm in 2 studies; MUAC > 12.4 cm without oedema in 1 study; WHZ ≥ 80% for two consecutive visits in 1 stud... · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (and mixed HIV comorbidity), some of whom had been stabilised as inpatients pre‐trial

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) showed no clear difference in recovery during intervention defined as weight gain ≥ 15% in… compared with RUTF using an alternative formulation (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug therapy vs control

Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity Mean duration of 3.7 years · adults aged 18‐59 years with primary hypertension (mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension)

Antihypertensive drug therapy may leads to lower total cardiovascular mortality + morbidity compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug therapy vs control

Coronary heart disease mortality + morbidity · adults aged 18‐59 years with primary hypertension (mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension)

Antihypertensive drug therapy showed no clear difference in coronary heart disease mortality + morbidity compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review