Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,615 questions · 1,673 findings · 190 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 278 · 16.6%GRADE not reported 85 · 5.1%Very low 328 · 19.6%Low 460 · 27.5%Moderate 402 · 24%High 120 · 7.2%

Imiquimod 5% cream with tazarotene 0.1% gel vs Imiquimod 5% cream alone

Primary outcome: Histological complete response ( available‐case analysis) No residual LM in staged excision 2 months post‐treatment · participants with melanoma in situ, including lentigo maligna

Imiquimod 5% cream with tazarotene 0.1% gel showed no clear difference in primary outcome: Histological complete response (intention‐to‐treat)… compared with imiquimod 5% cream alone (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

QUETIAPINE vs Typical antipsychotics

Global state: No clinically significant response (as defined by the original studies) · patients with schizophrenia

Quetiapine showed no clear difference in global state No clinical significant response as defined by the… compared with typical antipsychotics (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative chemotherapy vs primary surgery

Overall survival by type of data ‐ Individual patient data · resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus

Perioperative chemotherapy leads to lower overall survival by type of data ‐ Individual patient data compared with primary surgery (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chinese herbal medicines vs drugs

Total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ individualised treatment Clinician's rating · atopic eczema

CHM may leads to higher total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ individualised… compared with drugs (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chinese herbal medicines vs drugs

Total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ non‐individualised treatment Clinician's rating · atopic eczema

It is very uncertain whether CHM changes total effectiveness rate with subgroup analysis ‐ non‐individualised… compared with drugs (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

NIDOTHERAPY‐ENHANCED STANDARD CARE vs usual care

Adverse effect: Specific ‐ Death · schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether NIDOTHERAPY‐ENHANCED STANDARD CARE changes adverse effects ‐ specific ‐ death Number of individual deaths of… compared with STANDARD CARE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ routine monitoring vs no routine monitoring of gastric residual

Risk of necrotising enterocolitis stage ≥ 2 · preterm infants

Summary of findings table ‐ routine monitoring showed no clear difference in risk of necrotising enterocolitis stage ≥ 2 compared with no routine monitoring of gastric residual (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ routine monitoring vs no routine monitoring of gastric residual

Number of infants with feed interruption episodes (lasting ≥ 12 hours) · preterm infants

Summary of findings table ‐ routine monitoring may leads to higher number of infants with feed interruption episodes (lasting ≥ 12 hours) compared with no routine monitoring of gastric residual (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ routine monitoring vs no routine monitoring of gastric residual

Risk of invasive Infection · preterm infants

Summary of findings table ‐ routine monitoring probably leads to higher risk of invasive infection compared with no routine monitoring of gastric residual (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review