Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,756 questions · 11,779 findings · 747 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 3,205 · 27.2%GRADE not reported 628 · 5.3%Very low 3,261 · 27.7%Low 2,913 · 24.7%Moderate 1,453 · 12.3%High 319 · 2.7%

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Imiquimod vs surgical excision

Early treatment failure · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Radiotherapy vs surgical excision

Recurrence · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Radiotherapy may leads to higher recurrence at 3 years compared with surgical excision (with or without frozen section margin control) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 19.11 [1.12, 325.78]
1 study · 347 participants
Low
Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 11.06 [1.44, 84.77]
1 study · 347 participants
Low

Radiotherapy vs surgical excision

Cosmetic outcome (good/excellent) · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Radiotherapy probably leads to lower cosmetic outcome (good/excellent) compared with surgical excision (with or without frozen section margin control) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.76 [0.63, 0.91]
1 study · 347 participants
Moderate

Radiotherapy vs surgical excision

Pain · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Radiotherapy vs surgical excision

Early treatment failure · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

MAL‐PDT vs surgical excision

Recurrence · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

MAL‐PDT may leads to higher recurrence at 3 years compared with surgical excision (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 26.47 [1.63, 429.92]
1 study · 68 participants
Low

MAL‐PDT vs surgical excision

Cosmesis · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

MAL‐PDT probably leads to higher cosmetic outcome (excellent/good) compared with surgical excision (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.18 [1.09, 1.27]
2 studies · 309 participants
Moderate

MAL‐PDT vs surgical excision

Pain · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

MAL‐PDT showed no clear difference in pain compared with surgical excision (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.2 [0.6, 8.03]
1 study · 101 participants
Low

MAL‐PDT vs surgical excision

Early treatment failure · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

MAL‐PDT probably leads to higher early treatment failure compared with surgical excision (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 6.66 [1.22, 36.41]
2 studies · 173 participants
Moderate

Imiquimod vs MAL‐PDT

Recurrence · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Imiquimod cream probably leads to lower recurrence at 3 years compared with MAL‐PDT (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.44 [0.32, 0.62]
1 study · 277 participants
Moderate
Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.42 [0.31, 0.57]
1 study · 228 participants
Moderate

Imiquimod vs MAL‐PDT

Cosmesis · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Imiquimod cream showed no clear difference in cosmetic outcome (excellent/good) compared with MAL‐PDT (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.84, 1.16]
1 study · 370 participants
Moderate

Imiquimod vs MAL‐PDT

Number of patients with moderate/severe pain (1 hour postoperatively) · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Imiquimod cream probably leads to lower pain (moderate/severe) compared with MAL‐PDT (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.6 [0.41, 0.87]
1 study · 371 participants
Moderate

Imiquimod vs MAL‐PDT

Early treatment failure · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Imiquimod cream showed no clear difference in early treatment failure compared with MAL‐PDT (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.64 [0.37, 1.09]
1 study · 385 participants
Moderate

Mohs micrographic surgery vs surgical excision

Cosmesis · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Low

Mohs micrographic surgery vs surgical excision

Pain · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Mohs micrographic surgery vs surgical excision

Early treatment failure · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Imiquimod vs surgical excision

Recurrence · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Imiquimod probably leads to higher recurrence at 3 years compared with surgical excision (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 10.3 [3.22, 32.94]
1 study · 401 participants
Moderate
Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 7.73 [2.81, 21.3]
1 study · 383 participants
Moderate

Imiquimod vs surgical excision

Cosmetic outcome (good/excellent) · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Imiquimod may leads to higher cosmetic outcome (good/excellent) compared with surgical excision (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.7 [1.35, 2.15]
1 study · 344 participants
Low

Imiquimod vs surgical excision

Number of patients with moderate/severe pain (1 hour postoperatively) · adults with basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Imiquimod showed no clear difference in pain (moderate/severe) compared with surgical excision (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for basal cell carcinoma of the skin 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.36 [0.98, 1.88]
1 study · 443 participants
Low

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Depression: mean scores at end of treatment (Analysis 1.4) · people with stroke

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological, psychological and non‐invasive brain stimulation interventions for preventing depression after stroke 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 132 participants
GRADE not reported