Proportion of children with AOM: children not prone to AOM · children up to age 18 years
Probiotic probably leads to lower proportion of children with AOM: children not prone to AOM compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of children with AOM: children prone to AOM · children up to age 18 years
Probiotic showed no clear difference in proportion of children with AOM: children prone to AOM compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Severity of AOM · children up to age 18 years
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events · children up to age 18 years
Probiotic showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time off school for child · children up to age 18 years
1 finding from 1 review
Difference in the use of antibiotics · children up to age 18 years
Probiotic probably leads to lower difference in the use of antibiotics compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Difference in proportion of children with other infections · children up to age 18 years
Probiotic probably leads to lower difference in proportion of children with other infections compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Primary outcome 1: participant‐ or parent‐rated symptoms of eczema (SCORAD part C) at the end of active treatment Visual analogue scale for itch and sleep disturbance ranging from 0 to 10 for each symptom and combined ranging from 0 to 20. The hig... · male and female patients 0 to 55 years of age with physician‐diagnosed eczema
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Primary outcome 1: participant‐ or parent‐rated global change in eczema symptoms at the end of active treatment (binary outcome) Change in risk for worsened/unchanged eczema Duration of · male and female patients 0 to 55 years of age with physician‐diagnosed eczema
The intervention showed no clear difference in primary outcome 1: participant‐ or parent‐rated global change in… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Primary outcome 2: participant‐ or parent‐rated participant quality of life score at the end of active treatment Scales used: DLQI, IDQoL, Skindex‐29, CDLQI. On those scales, the higher the score, the more severely the quality of life is affected ... · male and female patients 0 to 55 years of age with physician‐diagnosed eczema
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Primary outcome 2: participant‐ or parent‐rated family quality of life score at the end of active treatment Scale used: DFI, FDLQI. On those scales, the higher the score, the more severely the quality of life is affected Duration of · male and female patients 0 to 55 years of age with physician‐diagnosed eczema
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Secondary outcome 4: global eczema severity score (total SCORAD) at the end of active treatment (Investigator‐rated eczema severity) Scale used: total SCORAD ranging from 0 to 103. The higher the score, the more severe the disease Duration of · male and female patients 0 to 55 years of age with physician‐diagnosed eczema
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Secondary outcome 6: adverse events (gastrointestinal symptoms) during active treatment Duration of · male and female patients 0 to 55 years of age with physician‐diagnosed eczema
The intervention showed no clear difference in secondary outcome 6: adverse events (gastrointestinal symptoms)… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
All‐cause mortality ( · people with hepatic encephalopathy
The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality ( (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Adverse events ‐ Change of/or withdrawal from treatment ( · people with hepatic encephalopathy
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes adverse events ‐ Change of/or withdrawal from treatment ( (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Quality of life ( · people with hepatic encephalopathy
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Plasma ammonia concentration (final and change scores) (μmol/L) ( · people with hepatic encephalopathy
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
No‐recovery (incomplete resolution of clinical symptoms) ( · people with hepatic encephalopathy
The intervention probably leads to lower no‐recovery (incomplete resolution of clinical symptoms) ( (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Adverse events ‐ Overt hepatic encephalopathy ( · people with hepatic encephalopathy
The intervention may leads to lower adverse events ‐ Overt hepatic encephalopathy ( (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Adverse events ‐ Change of/or withdrawal from treatment ( · people with hepatic encephalopathy
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes adverse events ‐ Change of/or withdrawal from treatment ( (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review