Gap finder
Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,590 questions in 129 reviews · Gynaecological, Neuro-oncology and Orphan Cancer
current versionsNo studies 281 · 17.7%Ungraded 74 · 4.7%Very low 410 · 25.8%Low 420 · 26.4%Moderate 280 · 17.6%High 125 · 7.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Chemotherapy with bevacizumab followed by maintenance bevacizumab vs chemotherapy alone Quality of life (QoL) · newly‐diagnosed EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 890 participants | High |
Chemotherapy with TKI followed by TKI maintenance vs chemotherapy alone Bowel fistula/perforation (grade ≥ 3) · recurrent platinum‐sensitive EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Chemotherapy with bevacizumab vs chemotherapy alone Overall survival (OS) · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | HR 0.73 [0.61, 0.86] | 5 studies · 778 participants | High |
Chemotherapy with bevacizumab vs chemotherapy alone Progression‐free survival (PFS) · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | HR 0.49 [0.42, 0.58] | 5 studies · 778 participants | Moderate |
Chemotherapy with bevacizumab vs chemotherapy alone Quality of life · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Chemotherapy with bevacizumab vs chemotherapy alone Any adverse event grade ≥ 3 · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.68 [0.76, 3.69] | 1 study · 101 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy with bevacizumab vs chemotherapy alone Hypertension (grade ≥ 2) · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 3.11 [1.83, 5.27] | 2 studies · 436 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy with bevacizumab vs chemotherapy alone Bowel fistula / perforation (grade ≥ 2) · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 6.89 [0.86, 55.09] | 2 studies · 436 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy with TKI vs chemotherapy alone Overall survival (OS) · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | HR 0.85 [0.68, 1.08] | 8 studies · 940 participants | Moderate |
Chemotherapy with TKI vs chemotherapy alone Progression‐free survival (PFS) · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | HR 0.7 [0.55, 0.89] | 8 studies · 940 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy with TKI vs chemotherapy alone Quality of life (QoL) · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 164 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy with bevacizumab followed by maintenance bevacizumab vs chemotherapy alone Any adverse event grade ≥ 3 · newly‐diagnosed EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [1.07, 1.26] | 1 study · 1485 participants | Moderate |
Chemotherapy with TKI vs chemotherapy alone Any adverse events (grade ≥3) · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.23 [1.02, 1.49] | 4 studies · 548 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy with TKI vs chemotherapy alone Hypertension (grade ≥ 2)Â · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Chemotherapy with TKI vs chemotherapy alone Bowel fistula / perforation (grade ≥ 3) · recurrent platinum‐resistant EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 2.74 [0.77, 9.75] | 5 studies · 557 participants | Very low |
Chemotherapy with TKI (peptide‐Fc fusion protein) vs chemotherapy alone Overall survival (OS) · recurrent EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | HR 0.92 [0.8, 1.06] | 3 studies · 1250 participants | Moderate |
Chemotherapy with TKI (peptide‐Fc fusion protein) vs chemotherapy alone Progression‐free survival (PFS) · recurrent EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | HR 0.73 [0.65, 0.82] | 3 studies · 1250 participants | High |
Chemotherapy with TKI (peptide‐Fc fusion protein) vs chemotherapy alone Quality of life (QoL) · recurrent EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 315 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy with TKI (peptide‐Fc fusion protein) vs chemotherapy alone Any adverse events (grade ≥3)Â · recurrent EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Chemotherapy with TKI (peptide‐Fc fusion protein) vs chemotherapy alone Hypertension (grade ≥ 2)Â · recurrent EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Chemotherapy with TKI (peptide‐Fc fusion protein) vs chemotherapy alone Bowel fistula / perforation (grade ≥ 3) · recurrent EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.35 [0.01, 8.3] | 1 study · 108 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy with bevacizumab followed by maintenance bevacizumab vs chemotherapy alone Hypertension (grade ≥ 2) · newly‐diagnosed EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 4.27 [3.25, 5.6] | 2 studies · 2707 participants | Low |
Chemotherapy with bevacizumab followed by maintenance bevacizumab vs chemotherapy alone Bowel fistula / perforation (grade ≥ 3) · newly‐diagnosed EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Chemotherapy with TKI followed by TKI maintenance vs chemotherapy alone Overall survival (OS) · newly‐diagnosed EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | HR 0.99 [0.84, 1.17] | 2 studies · 1451 participants | Moderate |
Chemotherapy with TKI followed by TKI maintenance vs chemotherapy alone Progression‐free survival (PSF) · newly‐diagnosed EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | HR 0.88 [0.77, 1] | 2 studies · 1451 participants | Moderate |
Chemotherapy with TKI followed by TKI maintenance vs chemotherapy alone Quality of life (QoL) · newly‐diagnosed EOC Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1340 participants | Moderate |
Antidepressants vs placebo Efficacy as a continuous outcome · adults with cancer and depression Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 511 participants | Very low |
Antidepressants vs placebo Efficacy as a dichotomous outcome · adults with cancer and depression Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.74 [0.57, 0.96] | 7 studies · 662 participants | Very low |
Antidepressants vs placebo Dropouts due to any cause (acceptability) · adults with cancer and depression Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.85 [0.52, 1.38] | 9 studies · 479 participants | Very low |
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) Efficacy as a continuous outcome · people with cancer and depression Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 237 participants | Very low |
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) Efficacy as a dichotomous outcome · people with cancer and depression Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.1 | 2 studies · 199 participants | Very low |
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) Dropouts due to any cause (acceptability) · people with cancer and depression Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.83 [0.53, 1.3] | 3 studies · 237 participants | Very low |
Mirtazapine vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) Efficacy as a continuous outcome · adults with cancer and depression Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 25 participants | Very low |
Mirtazapine vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) Efficacy as a dichotomous outcome · adults with cancer and depression Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.81 [0.6, 1.09] | 1 study · 33 participants | Very low |
Mirtazapine vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) Dropouts due to any cause (acceptability) · adults with cancer and depression Antidepressants for the treatment of depression in people with cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.65 [0.2, 2.15] | 1 study · 33 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Lifestyle intervention vs usual care compared to placebo Overall survival (12 months) · weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer Interventions for weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 2 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Lifestyle intervention vs usual care compared to placebo Overall survival (24 months) · weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer Interventions for weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.23 [0.01, 4.55] | 1 study · 37 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Lifestyle intervention vs usual care compared to placebo Adverse events – musculoskeletal · weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer Interventions for weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 19.03 [1.17, 310.52] | 8 studies · 315 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Lifestyle intervention vs usual care compared to placebo Cancer‐specific survival (6 months) · weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer Interventions for weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 5 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Lifestyle intervention vs usual care compared to placebo Weight loss (6 months) · weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer Interventions for weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 209 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Lifestyle intervention vs usual care compared to placebo Cardiovascular and metabolic event frequency (6 months) · weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer Interventions for weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer (2023) · Cochrane | RR 3.47 [0.15, 82.21] | 5 studies · 211 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Lifestyle intervention vs usual care compared to placebo Quality of life: FACT‐G (12 months) · weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer Interventions for weight reduction in obesity to improve survival in women with endometrial cancer (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 89 participants | Very low |
Exercise intervention vs no exercise intervention Fatigue Measured at 5‐8 weeks (short term); end scores. Positive SMD values signify less fatigue. · adults with breast or prostate cancer receiving radiation therapy alone Exercise interventions for adults with cancer receiving radiation therapy alone (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 112 participants | Low |
Exercise intervention vs no exercise intervention Quality of life Measured at 5‐8 weeks (short term); end scores. Positive SMD values signify better quality of life. · adults with breast or prostate cancer receiving radiation therapy alone Exercise interventions for adults with cancer receiving radiation therapy alone (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 112 participants | Low |
Exercise intervention vs no exercise intervention Physical performance Measured at 5‐8 weeks (short term); end scores. Positive SMD values signify better physical performance. · adults with breast or prostate cancer receiving radiation therapy alone Exercise interventions for adults with cancer receiving radiation therapy alone (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 112 participants | Very low |
Exercise intervention vs no exercise intervention Psychosocial effects Measured at 5‐8 weeks (short term); end scores. Positive SMD values signify better psychosocial effects. · adults with breast or prostate cancer receiving radiation therapy alone Exercise interventions for adults with cancer receiving radiation therapy alone (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 58 participants | Very low |
Exercise intervention vs no exercise intervention Overall survival · adults with breast or prostate cancer receiving radiation therapy alone Exercise interventions for adults with cancer receiving radiation therapy alone (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Exercise intervention vs no exercise intervention Return to work · adults with breast or prostate cancer receiving radiation therapy alone Exercise interventions for adults with cancer receiving radiation therapy alone (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Exercise intervention vs no exercise intervention Adverse events · adults with breast or prostate cancer receiving radiation therapy alone Exercise interventions for adults with cancer receiving radiation therapy alone (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 45 participants | Very low |
Ultra‐radical (extensive) surgery vs standard surgery Survival (overall and disease‐ specific) · women with stage IIIc or IV ovarian cancer Ultra‐radical (extensive) surgery versus standard surgery for the primary cytoreduction of advanced… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 0.6 [0.43, 0.82] | 2 studies · 397 participants | Very low |