Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,479 questions · 1,537 findings · 159 reviews

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No studies found 364 · 23.7%GRADE not reported 125 · 8.1%Very low 455 · 29.6%Low 374 · 24.3%Moderate 193 · 12.6%High 26 · 1.7%

Phonics training vs control (no training or alternative training)

Mixed/regular word reading fluency · English‐speaking poor readers

1 finding from 1 review

Phonics training for English‐speaking poor readers 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 224 participants
Moderate

Phonics training vs control (no training or alternative training)

Non‐word reading fluency · English‐speaking poor readers

1 finding from 1 review

Phonics training for English‐speaking poor readers 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 188 participants
Moderate

Phonics training vs control (no training or alternative training)

Reading comprehension · English‐speaking poor readers

1 finding from 1 review

Phonics training for English‐speaking poor readers 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 343 participants
Low

Phonics training vs control (no training or alternative training)

Spelling · English‐speaking poor readers

1 finding from 1 review

Phonics training for English‐speaking poor readers 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 158 participants
Low

Aquatic training vs land‐based training

Pain Self reported measures FIQ pain, SF‐36 bodily pain and VAS (transformed range 0 to 100, higher scores mean more pain) · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 169 participants
Low

Aquatic training vs land‐based training

Stiffness · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 34 participants
Very low

Aquatic training vs land‐based training

Muscle strength · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 34 participants
Very low

Aquatic training vs land‐based training

Submaximal cardiorespiratory function Walking time (seconds required to complete 100 meters) · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 34 participants
Very low

Aquatic training vs land‐based training

Withdrawals and adverse effects8 · adults with fibromyalgia

Aquatic training showed no clear difference in withdrawals and adverse effects8 compared with land‐based training (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
Risk ratio 0.91 [0.43, 1.91]
4 studies · 217 participants
Low

Aquatic training vs land‐based training

Multidimensional function FIQ Total Score. Scale 0‐100 (lower scores indicate greater health) · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 61 participants
Very low

Aquatic training vs land‐based training

Physical function · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 74 participants
Very low

Strength training vs no training

Muscle strength · people with myotonic dystrophy

1 finding from 1 review

Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Strength training vs no training

Time‐scored functional assessments of muscle performance · people with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Strength training vs no training

Quality of life · people with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Strength training vs no training

Pain · people with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

1 finding from 1 review

Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Strength training vs no training

Fatigue · people with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Strength training vs no training

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

1 finding from 1 review

Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Strength training vs no training

Aerobic capacity · people with myotonic dystrophy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Strength training vs no training

Time‐scored functional assessments of muscle performance · people with myotonic dystrophy

1 finding from 1 review

Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Strength training vs no training

Quality of life · people with myotonic dystrophy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found