Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

30 questions · 30 findings · 5 reviews

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No studies found 7 · 23.3%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 3 · 10%Low 10 · 33.3%Moderate 9 · 30%High 1 · 3.3%

Summary of findings table ‐ Topical cervical lidocaine spray vs ultracaine paracervical block

Pain with aspiration ‐ not measured · people requesting a surgical abortion at 5+0 to 7+0 weeks' gestation

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Local anaesthesia for pain control in first trimester surgical abortion 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Topical cervical lidocaine spray vs ultracaine paracervical block

Pain during procedurea,b · people requesting a surgical abortion at 5+0 to 7+0 weeks' gestation

1 finding from 1 review

Local anaesthesia for pain control in first trimester surgical abortion 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 48 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ 80 mg lidocaine paracervical block vs normal saline paracervical block

Pain during procedure in women who also received topical cervical lidocaine spraya,b · people requesting a surgical abortion at seven weeks' gestation or less

1 finding from 1 review

Local anaesthesia for pain control in first trimester surgical abortion 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 54 participants
Moderate

EMLA vs placebo

Pain (PIPP) · preterm infants

1 finding from 1 review

Topical anaesthesia for needle‐related pain in newborn infants 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 38 participants
Low

EMLA vs placebo

Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) · preterm infants

1 finding from 1 review

Topical anaesthesia for needle‐related pain in newborn infants 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 38 participants
Low

EMLA vs placebo

Successful venepuncture first attempt · preterm infants

EMLA showed no clear difference in successful venepuncture first attempt compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical anaesthesia for needle‐related pain in newborn infants 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.93, 1.03]
1 study · 111 participants
Low

EMLA vs placebo

Adverse effects (short‐lasting skin reactions) · preterm infants

EMLA may leads to higher adverse effects (short‐lasting skin reactions) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical anaesthesia for needle‐related pain in newborn infants 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.65 [1.24, 2.19]
3 studies · 272 participants
Low

Amethocaine vs placebo

Pain · preterm infants

1 finding from 1 review

Topical anaesthesia for needle‐related pain in newborn infants 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 110 participants
Low

Amethocaine vs placebo

Successful cannulation at the first attempt · preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether amethocaine changes successful cannulation first attempt compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical anaesthesia for needle‐related pain in newborn infants 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.21 [0.82, 1.81]
1 study · 39 participants
Very low

Amethocaine vs placebo

Adverse effects (short‐lasting skin reactions) · preterm infants

1 finding from 1 review

Topical anaesthesia for needle‐related pain in newborn infants 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 181 participants
Moderate