Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

61 questions · 63 findings · 18 reviews · Musculoskeletal

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No studies found 18 · 28.6%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 13 · 20.6%Low 21 · 33.3%Moderate 3 · 4.8%High 8 · 12.7%

Aerobic exercise vs control

Pain intensity (0‐10cm visual analogue scale) · patients with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aerobic exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 351 participants
Low

Balneotherapy vs placebo

Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · patients with rheumatoid arthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Balneotherapy (or spa therapy) for rheumatoid arthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 45 participants
Very low

Additional radon in carbon dioxide baths vs carbon dioxide baths only

Improvement More than 1 category change in pain intensity on 4‐point scale (no pain/sporadic/daily/continuous) · patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Additional radon in carbon dioxide baths showed no clear difference in improvement More than 1 category change in pain intensity on 4‐point… compared with carbon dioxide baths only (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Balneotherapy (or spa therapy) for rheumatoid arthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.38 [0.64, 2.93]
1 study · 60 participants
Low
Balneotherapy (or spa therapy) for rheumatoid arthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.29 [1.1, 4.74]
1 study · 60 participants
Low

Balneotherapy vs drug treatment

Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · patients with rheumatoid arthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Balneotherapy (or spa therapy) for rheumatoid arthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 57 participants
Very low

Additional radon in carbon dioxide baths vs carbon dioxide baths only

Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · patients with rheumatoid arthritis

2 findings from 1 review

Balneotherapy (or spa therapy) for rheumatoid arthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 194 participants
Moderate
Balneotherapy (or spa therapy) for rheumatoid arthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 194 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Pain intensity Various pain scales. (median · participants with osteoarthritis of the knee

The intervention showed no clear difference in pain intensity Various pain scales. (median (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐articular corticosteroid for knee osteoarthritis 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
26 studies · 1749 participants
Low

Summary of findings table 4: refining rehabilitation: three months of postoperative night splinting with hand therapy vs hand therapy alone

Total active extension at 3 months Major outcome group 3 (early objective measurement) Total active extension (TAE) of MCPJ, PIPJ and DIPJ; higher value indicates loss of extension and a worse outcome · 210 participants with Dupuytren's disease of the fingers in 2 studies (225 digits reported across all studies) (Collis 2013;…

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for Dupuytren's contracture of the fingers 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 225 participants
Low

Summary of findings table 1: comparison of operation types: early results of needle fasciotomy vs limited fasciectomy

Early angular outcome at 6 weeks for Tubiana grade I disease (total passive extension deficit (TPED) of the MCPJ, PIPJ and DIPJ for preoperative contractures with a TPED of 0 to 45 degrees) Early angular outcome at 6 weeks for Tubiana grade II dis... · 125 hands in 121 participants with Dupuytren's disease of the fingers for early outcomes (van Rijssen 2006)

1 finding from 1 review

Surgery for Dupuytren's contracture of the fingers 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 57 participants
Low

Oral or transdermal opioids vs placebo

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

Oral or transdermal opioids showed no clear difference in pain intensity Various pain scales. (median compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral or transdermal opioids for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
22 studies · 8275 participants
High

Aquatic training vs control

Muscle strength · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 152 participants
Low

Resistance training vs flexibility exercise

Strength Maximal isokinetic strength of nondominant knee extension measured in foot‐pounds8 · patients with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Resistance exercise training for fibromyalgia 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 56 participants
Low

Resistance training vs control

Muscle strength · patients with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Resistance exercise training for fibromyalgia 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 47 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Pain intensity Various validated pain scales · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee

The intervention showed no clear difference in pain intensity Various validated pain scales (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Joint lavage for osteoarthritis of the knee 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 567 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Pain intensity Various validated pain scales · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee

The intervention showed no clear difference in pain intensity Various validated pain scales (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Joint lavage for osteoarthritis of the knee 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 380 participants
Low

Summary of findings: 5 mg/day vs placebo

Pain intensity (0‐10cm visual analogue scale) · rotator cuff disease

1 finding from 1 review

Topical glyceryl trinitrate for rotator cuff disease 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Muscle strength Isometric extension · patients with patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Dynamic exercise programs (aerobic capacity and/or muscle strength training) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 305 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Muscle strength Isometric extension · patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Dynamic exercise programs (aerobic capacity and/or muscle strength training) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 74 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Muscle strength Isometric extension · patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Dynamic exercise programs (aerobic capacity and/or muscle strength training) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis 2009 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 10 participants
Low

Massage + ultrasound and placebo ointment vs ultrasound + placebo ointment only

Pain Visual analog scale Scale from 0 to 100 (lower is better) · patients with extensor carpi radialis tendinitis

1 finding from 1 review

Deep transverse friction massage for treating lateral elbow or lateral knee tendinitis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Massage + phonophoresis vs phonophoresis alone

Function Visual analog function index Scale from 0 to 100 (higher is better) · patients with extensor carpi radialis tendinitis

1 finding from 1 review

Deep transverse friction massage for treating lateral elbow or lateral knee tendinitis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low