Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

480 questions · 484 findings · 52 reviews · Musculoskeletal

No studies found 114 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 24 · 5%Very low 33 · 6.8%Low 145 · 30%Moderate 116 · 24%High 52 · 10.7%

Chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine vs Western medicine

New fractures · patients with osteoporosis

It is very uncertain whether chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine changes new fractures (Yigu capsule plus calcium versus placebo plus calcium) compared with western medicine (very low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Paracetamol vs placebo

Mean change in pain (0–100 scale) Short term (3–12 weeks), where 0 = no pain · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

Paracetamol showed no clear difference in mean change in pain (0–100 scale) Short term (3–12 weeks), where 0 =… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

Paracetamol showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse events 24 weeks compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol vs placebo

Total adverse events: number experiencing 24 weeks · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

Paracetamol showed no clear difference in total adverse events: number experiencing 24 weeks compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol vs placebo

Liver toxicity: number experiencing abnormal liver function tests 24 weeks · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

Paracetamol probably leads to higher liver toxicity: number experiencing abnormal liver function tests 24… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol vs placebo

Serious adverse events: number experiencing 24 weeks · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip

Paracetamol showed no clear difference in serious adverse events: number experiencing 24 weeks compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Methotrexate vs placebo

Treatment responsea · children and young people with JIA

Methotrexate may leads to higher treatment responsea(up to 6 months) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review