Percutaneous techniques showed no clear difference in intraoperative serious, life‐threatening adverse events compared with surgical techniques (low certainty).
Percutaneous techniques showed no clear difference in direct postoperative serious, life‐threatening adverse events compared with surgical techniques (low certainty).
Percutaneous techniques probably leads to lower wound infection/stomatitis compared with surgical techniques (moderate certainty).
Percutaneous techniques may leads to lower unfavourable scarring compared with surgical techniques (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether percutaneous techniques changes major bleeding compared with surgical techniques (very low certainty).
Percutaneous techniques showed no clear difference in tracheostomy tube occlusion/obstruction, accidental decannulation,… compared with surgical techniques (low certainty).
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy may leads to higher stone‐free rate Assumed MCID: 5% compared with retrograde intrarenal surgery (low certainty).
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy showed no clear difference in major complications Assumed MCID: 2% compared with retrograde intrarenal surgery (moderate certainty).
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy may leads to lower need for secondary interventions Assumed MCID: 5% compared with retrograde intrarenal surgery (low certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy showed no clear difference in ureteral stricture or injury Assumed MCID: 2% compared with retrograde intrarenal surgery (low certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
It is very uncertain whether percutaneous ethanol injection changes mortality at last compared with no intervention, other ablation methods, or systemic treatment (very low certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
It is very uncertain whether percutaneous ethanol injection changes failure to clear liver metastases or recurrence of liver metastases compared with no intervention, other ablation methods, or systemic treatment (very low certainty).