Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

124 questions · 132 findings · 20 reviews

No studies found 28 · 21.2%GRADE not reported 14 · 10.6%Very low 23 · 17.4%Low 45 · 34.1%Moderate 19 · 14.4%High 3 · 2.3%

Vitamin D vs placebo or no intervention

Hypercalcaemia · children under 5 years of age

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D changes adverse effect: hypercalcaemia As defined by trialistsTime frame:… compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Adverse effect: hypercalciuria As defined by trialists Time frame: 3 months · children under 5 years of age

Vitamin D (higher dose) showed no clear difference in adverse effect: hypercalciuria As defined by trialists Time frame:… compared with vitamin D (lower dose) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Hypercalcaemia · children under 5 years of age

Vitamin D (higher dose) showed no clear difference in adverse effect: hypercalcaemia As defined by trialists Time frame:… compared with vitamin D (lower dose) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral calcium vs vitamin C

Frequency of leg cramps after treatment: never · treating leg cramps in pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether oral calcium changes frequency of leg cramps after treatment: never compared with oral vitamin C (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D (higher dose) + micronutrient(s) vs vitamin D (lower dose) + micronutrient(s)

Adverse effect: hypercalciuria As defined by trialists Time frame: 3 months · children under 5 years of age

Vitamin D (higher dose) + micronutrient(s) showed no clear difference in adverse effect: hypercalciuria As defined by trialists Time frame: 3… compared with vitamin D (lower dose) + micronutrient(s) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D (higher dose) + micronutrient(s) vs vitamin D (lower dose) + micronutrient(s)

Hypercalcaemia · children under 5 years of age

Vitamin D (higher dose) + micronutrient(s) showed no clear difference in adverse effect: hypercalcaemia As defined by trialists Time frame:… compared with vitamin D (lower dose) + micronutrient(s) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline vs multivitamin and mineral supplement

Severity of oral/mucosal burning pain/sensation · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Rajendran 2006 concluded the intervention reduced pain, but pain intensity evaluations were inadequately defined and from interview data, making mean scores difficult to interpret.
    1 study · 29 participants
    GRADE not reported