Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

148 questions · 167 findings · 18 reviews · Oral and maxillofacial surgery

No studies found 26 · 15.6%GRADE not reported 113 · 67.7%Very low 9 · 5.4%Low 12 · 7.2%Moderate 4 · 2.4%High 3 · 1.8%

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy plus standard care (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse) vs Standard care alone (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse)

Healing of osteonecrosis - healed ('healed' vs 'improved', 'unchanged' or 'worse') · People with BRONJ (mean age ~66 years; most treated with bisphosphonates for cancer (multiple myeloma, breast cancer) or osteoporosis)

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy plus standard care (surgery, antibiotics,… showed no clear difference in healing of osteonecrosis - healed ('healed' vs 'improved',… compared with standard care alone (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse); GRADE not reported.

5 findings from 1 review
Show 2 more findings

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy plus standard care (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse) vs Standard care alone (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse)

Pain · People with BRONJ (mean age ~66 years; most treated with bisphosphonates for cancer (multiple myeloma, breast cancer) or osteoporosis)
1 finding from 1 review

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy plus standard care (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse) vs Standard care alone (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse)

Adverse effects · People with BRONJ (mean age ~66 years; most treated with bisphosphonates for cancer (multiple myeloma, breast cancer) or osteoporosis)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy plus standard care (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse) vs Standard care alone (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse)

Quality of life · People with BRONJ (mean age ~66 years; most treated with bisphosphonates for cancer (multiple myeloma, breast cancer) or osteoporosis)
1 finding from 1 review

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Dental caries · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

Pooling 3 studies, children/adolescents with CLP were about 2.03 times more likely to have dental caries than non-CLP controls (p<0.005; low heterogeneity), though most included studies were at high risk of bias; the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Lactobacillus spp. salivary/plaque counts (cariogenic microbiota) · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

A meta-analysis found no significant difference in mean Lactobacillus spp. levels between children with and without CLP, with high heterogeneity; the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Streptococcus mutans count · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

A meta-analysis of 2 studies found no difference in mean Streptococcus mutans levels between children with and without CLP, with very high heterogeneity; the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Periodontal conditions (gingival inflammation, bleeding on probing, probing depth, clinical attachment loss) · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

Narrative synthesis of 6 studies suggests children/adolescents with CLP have poorer periodontal status (higher gingival and plaque indices, deeper probing, more bleeding and attachment loss) and harbor periodontopathogens; no pooled estimate and the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Naproxen vs placebo

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral naproxen (NSAID) led to lower pain intensity (VAS) compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Naproxen vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Piroxicam vs placebo

Number of participants with severe dysfunction (pain of TMD not improved) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral piroxicam (NSAID) showed no clear difference in number of participants with severe dysfunction (pain of TMD not… compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Piroxicam vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral diclofenac sodium (NSAID) vs splint

Complications (adverse effects) · Adults (>18 years) with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) diagnosed by RDC/TMD or compatible criteria

Diclofenac sodium (oral NSAID) showed no clear difference in complications (adverse effects) compared with occlusal splint therapy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral diclofenac sodium (NSAID) vs splint

Pain (on movement and on palpation of the affected TMJ) · Adults (>18 years) with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) diagnosed by RDC/TMD or compatible criteria
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
    1 week and 3 months
    Data for pain on movement or pain on palpation of the affected TMJ (both at 1 week and 3 months) could not be extracted, as they are described as percentages of an unclear total number. Narratively, diclofenac sodium…
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Oral diazepam vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral diclofenac sodium (NSAID) vs placebo

Adverse events (reported; mild, no withdrawals) · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…
1 finding from 1 review

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

No improvement in TMJ pain on external palpation · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in no improvement in TMJ pain on external palpation compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) vs placebo

No improvement in spontaneous TMJ pain · Adult patients aged >=18 years, clinically or radiographically diagnosed with TMD (McNeill 1997 criteria); moderate to severe pain of…

Oral prazepam (benzodiazepine) showed no clear difference in no improvement in spontaneous TMJ pain compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review