Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

42 questions · 57 findings · 4 reviews

No studies found 2 · 3.5%GRADE not reported 6 · 10.5%Very low 20 · 35.1%Low 15 · 26.3%Moderate 6 · 10.5%High 8 · 14%

Spinal manipulative therapy vs sham SMT

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients with chronic LBP
3 findings from 1 review

Spinal manipulative therapy plus another intervention vs the intervention alone

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients with chronic LBP
3 findings from 1 review