What do systematic reviews say?

Homocysteine‐lowering interventions (high dose) vs homocysteine‐lowering interventions (low dose)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Homocysteine‐lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  16 studies · 1346 participants
  Low

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 28 participants
  Low

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

It is very uncertain whether early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… changes wound infection compared with later commencement (very low certainty).

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.99 [0.64, 1.52]
  12 studies · 1181 participants
  Very low

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in intraabdominal abscess compared with later commencement (low certainty).

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.26, 3.8]
  6 studies · 554 participants
  Low

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in anastomotic leakage/dehiscence compared with later commencement (low certainty).

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.78 [0.38, 1.61]
  13 studies · 1232 participants
  Low

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in pneumonia (within hospital stay) compared with later commencement (low certainty).

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.88 [0.32, 2.42]
  10 studies · 954 participants
  Low

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in mortality compared with later commencement (low certainty).

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.56 [0.21, 1.52]
  12 studies · 1179 participants
  Low

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in vomiting compared with later commencement (low certainty).

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.23 [0.96, 1.58]
  7 studies · 613 participants
  Low

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… showed no clear difference in nausea compared with later commencement (low certainty).

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.95 [0.71, 1.26]
  2 studies · 118 participants
  Low

Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery vs later commencement

It is very uncertain whether early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal… changes nausea and vomiting compared with later commencement (very low certainty).

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.92 [0.6, 1.41]
  4 studies · 238 participants
  Very low

BM‐MNCs vs BM‐MSCs

• Autologous cells derived from different sources and administered using different regimens for 'no‐option' critical… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 37 participants
  Low

BM‐MNCs vs BM‐MSCs

• Autologous cells derived from different sources and administered using different regimens for 'no‐option' critical… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 37 participants
  Low

High cell dose vs low cell dose

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Autologous cells derived from different sources and administered using different regimens for 'no‐option' critical… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

High cell dose vs low cell dose

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Autologous cells derived from different sources and administered using different regimens for 'no‐option' critical… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

IM injection vs IA injection

It is very uncertain whether IM injection changes improvement in lower limb perfusion: number of participants with… compared with IA injection (very low certainty).

• Autologous cells derived from different sources and administered using different regimens for 'no‐option' critical… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.93 [0.43, 2]
  1 study · 35 participants
  Very low

IM injection vs IA injection

It is very uncertain whether IM injection changes improvement in lower limb perfusion: number of participants with… compared with IA injection (very low certainty).

• Autologous cells derived from different sources and administered using different regimens for 'no‐option' critical… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.22 [0.86, 1.72]
  2 studies · 62 participants
  Very low

BM‐MNCs vs mPBSCs

BM‐MNCs showed no clear difference in improvement in lower limb perfusion: number of participants with… compared with mPBSCs (low certainty).

• Autologous cells derived from different sources and administered using different regimens for 'no‐option' critical… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.71, 1.4]
  1 study · 104 participants
  Low

BM‐MNCs vs mPBSCs

• Autologous cells derived from different sources and administered using different regimens for 'no‐option' critical… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 150 participants
  Low

Uric acid lowering therapies (UAR) vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)

Uric acid lowering therapies (UAR) showed no clear difference in death at 6 months compared with placebo, no treatment or usual care (low certainty).

• Uric acid lowering therapies for preventing or delaying the progression of chronic kidney disease 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.66 [0.61, 4.48]
  2 studies · 498 participants
  Low