Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

958 questions · 991 findings · 123 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 177 · 17.9%GRADE not reported 25 · 2.5%Very low 230 · 23.2%Low 321 · 32.4%Moderate 185 · 18.7%High 53 · 5.3%

Intravenous vs intraosseous route

Dislodgement of device during infusion · adults or children requiring fluid delivered by a parenteral route (one study testing insertion and the volume of fluid delivered in…

Intravenous showed no clear difference in dislodgement of device during infusion compared with intraosseous route (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous ketorolac vs placebo

Participant‐reported pain relief of 50% or greater · adults (mean study ages 23 to 67 years) with acute postoperative pain after abdominal/pelvic, dental or orthopedic surgeries

It is very uncertain whether intravenous ketorolac changes number of participants with at least 50% pain relief over 4 hours compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review