What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings table ‐ Progressive resistance exercise interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 1688 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Progressive resistance exercise interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 978 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Progressive resistance exercise interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

Summary of findings table ‐ Progressive resistance exercise… showed no clear difference in functional ability: new incidence of delirium during hospitalisation compared with usual care with or without sham interventions (low certainty).

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.55, 1.68]
  4 studies · 1256 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Progressive resistance exercise interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 449 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Progressive resistance exercise interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

Summary of findings table ‐ Progressive resistance exercise… showed no clear difference in falls during hospitalisation compared with usual care with or without sham interventions (low certainty).

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.96 [0.48, 1.91]
  5 studies · 995 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Progressive resistance exercise interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Progressive resistance exercise… changes medical deterioration during hospitalisation compared with usual care with or without sham interventions (very low certainty).

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.99 [0.52, 1.87]
  7 studies · 1798 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Progressive resistance exercise interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Rehabilitation‐related activity interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 2838 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Rehabilitation‐related activity interventions vs usual care with or without sham interventions

• Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 975 participants
  GRADE not reported

Chinese herbal medicines vs no intervention

• Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 61 participants
  Low

Chinese herbal medicines vs no intervention

• Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 80 participants
  Low

Chinese herbal medicines vs no intervention

• Chinese herbal medicines for treating osteoporosis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 34 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 371 participants
  Moderate

Intervention not reported

• Non‐pharmacological interventions for fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  13 studies · 1556 participants
  Low

MX exercise training vs control

• Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  13 studies · 610 participants
  Moderate

MX exercise training vs control

• Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  15 studies · 832 participants
  Moderate

MX exercise training vs control

• Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 493 participants
  Moderate

MX exercise training vs control

• Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 261 participants
  Low

MX exercise training vs control

• Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  9 studies · 477 participants
  Moderate

MX exercise training vs control

MX exercise training showed no clear difference in all‐cause withdrawal All‐cause withdrawals from studies Median… compared with control (moderate certainty).

• Mixed exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.02 [0.69, 1.51]
  19 studies · 1065 participants
  Moderate