Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

197 questions · 210 findings · 27 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

No studies found 87 · 41.4%GRADE not reported 2 · 1%Very low 23 · 11%Low 61 · 29%Moderate 34 · 16.2%High 3 · 1.4%

Physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual breast pump) vs usual care (no pump)

Non‐initiation of breastfeeding · women with a pre‐pregnancy BMI > 29 kg/m², who were intending to breastfeed, had no history of breast surgery, who were at least 19 years…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual breast pump) vs usual care (no pump)

Exclusive breastfeeding at 4‐6 weeks · women with a pre‐pregnancy BMI > 29 kg/m², who were intending to breastfeed, had no history of breast surgery, who were at least 19 years…

It is very uncertain whether physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual… changes exclusive breastfeeding at 4‐6 weeks compared with usual care (no pump) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual breast pump) vs usual care (no pump)

Breastfeeding · women with a pre‐pregnancy BMI > 29 kg/m², who were intending to breastfeed, had no history of breast surgery, who were at least 19 years…

It is very uncertain whether physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual… changes any breastfeeding at 4‐6 weeks compared with usual care (no pump) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Physical breastfeeding support interventions (electric or manual breast pump) vs usual care (no pump)

Exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months · women with a pre‐pregnancy BMI > 29 kg/m², who were intending to breastfeed, had no history of breast surgery, who were at least 19 years…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Multiple methods of breastfeeding support (including social, educational and/or physical support) vs usual care

Breastfeeding · pregnant or lactating women who were overweight or obese

It is very uncertain whether multiple methods of breastfeeding support (including social,… changes any breastfeeding at 6 months compared with usual care (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Multiple methods of breastfeeding support (including social, educational and/or physical support) vs usual care

Non‐initiation of breastfeeding · pregnant or lactating women who were overweight or obese

It is very uncertain whether multiple methods of breastfeeding support (including social,… changes non‐initiation of breastfeeding compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multiple methods of breastfeeding support (including social, educational and/or physical support) vs usual care

Exclusive breastfeeding at 4‐6 weeks · pregnant or lactating women who were overweight or obese

It is very uncertain whether multiple methods of breastfeeding support (including social,… changes exclusive breastfeeding at 4‐6 weeks compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multiple methods of breastfeeding support (including social, educational and/or physical support) vs usual care

Exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months · pregnant or lactating women who were overweight or obese

It is very uncertain whether multiple methods of breastfeeding support (including social,… changes exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐exclusive breastfeeding (foods) vs exclusive breastfeeding

“Food allergy” to 1 or more foods between 1 to 3 years of age · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants

Non‐exclusive breastfeeding (foods) showed no clear difference in “Food allergy” to 1 or more foods between 1 to 3 years of age compared with exclusive breastfeeding (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐exclusive breastfeeding (foods) vs exclusive breastfeeding

Visible eczema at 12‐month visit stratified by visible eczema at enrolment · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants

Non‐exclusive breastfeeding (foods) showed no clear difference in visible eczema at 12‐month visit stratified by visible eczema at… compared with exclusive breastfeeding (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐exclusive breastfeeding (foods) vs exclusive breastfeeding

Food protein enterocolitis syndrome positive response to challenge (number of children) · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants

Non‐exclusive breastfeeding (foods) showed no clear difference in food protein enterocolitis syndrome positive response to challenge… compared with exclusive breastfeeding (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐exclusive breastfeeding (artificial milk) vs exclusive breastfeeding

Infant morbidity ‐ allergy symptoms ‐ Infants with allergy symptoms at 18 months of age · healthy breastfeeding full‐term infants

It is very uncertain whether non‐exclusive breastfeeding (artificial milk) changes infant morbidity ‐ allergy symptoms ‐ Infants with allergy symptoms… compared with exclusive breastfeeding (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review